Attractions, map, photo, video. Panorama Bolshoi Obukhovsky bridge
: 59°55′18″ N sh. 30°19′04″ in. d. / 59.92167° N sh. 30.31778° E d. / 59.92167; 30.31778(G) (I)
solid two-hinged reinforced concrete vault
Name of the bridge
Story
The first wooden bridge across the Fontanka River in the alignment of modern Moskovsky Prospekt was built in 1717. The bridge had a transverse slot 70 cm wide in the middle, intended for the passage of masted ships; during the day this gap was filled with boards. In 1738 the crossing was rebuilt.
Miscellaneous
- From the bridge came the names: Obukhovsky Prospekt (in the 19th century - part of the current Moskovsky Prospekt from Sennaya Square to Fontanka) and Obukhovskaya Square on Moskovsky Prospekt near the Fontanka River.
- F. M. Dostoevsky, who arrived to enter the Engineering School, moved into the hotel located near the Obukhovsky bridge in 1837.
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Literature
- Gorbachevich K. S. , Khablo E. P. Why are they so named? On the origin of the names of streets, squares, islands, rivers and bridges in Leningrad. - 3rd ed., Rev. and additional - L.: Lenizdat, 1985. - S. 469. - 511 p.
- Bunin, M. S. . Bridges of Leningrad. Essays on the history and architecture of the bridges of St. Petersburg - Petrograd - Leningrad .. - L .: Stroyizdat, Leningrad. department, 1986. - 280 p.
- Gorbachevich K. S. , Khablo E. P. Why are they so named? On the origin of the names of streets, squares, islands, rivers and bridges of St. Petersburg. - 4th ed., revised. - St. Petersburg. : Norint, 1996. - S. 332. - 359 p. - ISBN 5-7711-0002-1.
- Antonov B.I. Bridges of St. Petersburg. - St. Petersburg: Verb, 2002. - 192 p. - ISBN 5-89662-019-5.
Notes
2. Arina Sigacheva "Obukhovsky bridge". Poems: www.stihi.ru/cgi-bin/login/page.plAn excerpt characterizing the Obukhovsky bridge
“Mommy, what are you talking about!”- Natasha, he is gone, no more! And, embracing her daughter, for the first time the countess began to cry.
Princess Mary postponed her departure. Sonya and the count tried to replace Natasha, but they could not. They saw that she alone could keep her mother from insane despair. For three weeks Natasha lived hopelessly with her mother, slept on an armchair in her room, gave her water, fed her and talked to her without ceasing - she spoke, because one gentle, caressing voice calmed the countess.
The emotional wound of the mother could not heal. Petya's death tore off half of her life. A month after the news of Petya's death, which found her a fresh and vigorous fifty-year-old woman, she left her room half dead and not taking part in life - an old woman. But the same wound that half killed the Countess, this new wound called Natasha to life.
A spiritual wound resulting from a rupture of the spiritual body, just like a physical wound, however strange it may seem, after a deep wound has healed and seems to have come together, a spiritual wound, like a physical wound, heals only from within by the protruding force of life.
Natasha's wound also healed. She thought her life was over. But suddenly love for her mother showed her that the essence of her life - love - was still alive in her. Love has awakened, and life has awakened.
The last days of Prince Andrei connected Natasha with Princess Mary. A new misfortune brought them even closer. Princess Marya postponed her departure and for the last three weeks, as if she were a sick child, she looked after Natasha. The last weeks spent by Natasha in her mother's room had sapped her physical strength.
Once, in the middle of the day, Princess Mary, noticing that Natasha was trembling in a feverish chill, took her to her and laid her on her bed. Natasha lay down, but when Princess Mary, having lowered the blinds, wanted to go out, Natasha called her to her.
- I don't want to sleep. Marie, sit with me.
- You're tired - try to sleep.
- No no. Why did you take me away? She will ask.
- She's much better. She spoke so well today,” said Princess Marya.
Natasha was lying in bed and in the semi-darkness of the room she examined the face of Princess Marya.
"Does she look like him? thought Natasha. Yes, similar and not similar. But it is special, alien, completely new, unknown. And she loves me. What's on her mind? Everything is good. But how? What does she think? How does she look at me? Yes, she's beautiful."
“Masha,” she said, timidly pulling her hand to her. Masha, don't think I'm stupid. Not? Masha, dove. I love you so much. Let's be really, really friends.
And Natasha, embracing, began to kiss the hands and face of Princess Marya. Princess Mary was ashamed and rejoiced at this expression of Natasha's feelings.
From that day on, that passionate and tender friendship was established between Princess Mary and Natasha, which happens only between women. They kissed incessantly, spoke tender words to each other, and spent most of their time together. If one went out, the other was restless and hurried to join her. Together they felt a greater harmony with each other than separately, each with himself. A feeling stronger than friendship was established between them: it was an exceptional feeling of the possibility of life only in the presence of each other.
Sometimes they were silent for whole hours; sometimes, already lying in their beds, they began to talk and talked until the morning. They talked mostly about the distant past. Princess Marya talked about her childhood, about her mother, about her father, about her dreams; and Natasha, who previously with calm incomprehension turned away from this life, devotion, humility, from the poetry of Christian self-denial, now, feeling bound by love with Princess Marya, fell in love with Princess Marya's past and understood the previously incomprehensible side of life to her. She did not think of applying humility and self-sacrifice to her life, because she was used to looking for other joys, but she understood and fell in love with another this previously incomprehensible virtue. For Princess Mary, who listened to stories about Natasha's childhood and early youth, a previously incomprehensible side of life was also revealed, faith in life, in the pleasures of life.
They still never spoke about him in the same way, so as not to violate with words, as it seemed to them, the height of feeling that was in them, and this silence about him made them forget him little by little, not believing it.
Natasha lost weight, turned pale, and physically became so weak that everyone constantly talked about her health, and she was pleased with it. But sometimes not only the fear of death, but the fear of illness, weakness, loss of beauty suddenly came over her, and involuntarily she sometimes carefully examined her bare hand, surprised at its thinness, or looked in the mirror in the morning at her elongated, pitiful, as it seemed to her , face. It seemed to her that it should be so, and at the same time she became frightened and sad.
Once she soon went upstairs and was out of breath. Immediately, involuntarily, she thought up a business for herself below, and from there she ran upstairs again, trying her strength and watching herself.
Another time she called Dunyasha, and her voice trembled. She called to her once more, despite the fact that she heard her footsteps - she called in that chesty voice with which she sang, and listened to him.
She did not know this, she would not have believed it, but under the impenetrable layer of silt that seemed to her that covered her soul, thin, tender young needles of grass were already breaking through, which were supposed to take root and cover the grief that crushed her with their life shoots so that it would soon be invisible. and not noticeable. The wound healed from within. At the end of January, Princess Marya left for Moscow, and the count insisted that Natasha go with her in order to consult with the doctors.
After the clash at Vyazma, where Kutuzov could not keep his troops from wanting to overturn, cut off, etc., the further movement of the fleeing French and the Russians who fled after them, to Krasnoe, took place without battles. The flight was so fast that the Russian army, which was running after the French, could not keep up with them, that the horses in the cavalry and artillery were becoming more and that the information about the movement of the French was always incorrect.
The people of the Russian army were so exhausted by this continuous movement of forty miles a day that they could not move faster.
In order to understand the degree of exhaustion of the Russian army, it is only necessary to clearly understand the significance of the fact that, having lost no more than five thousand people wounded and killed during the entire movement from Tarutino, without losing hundreds of people as prisoners, the Russian army, which left Tarutino among one hundred thousand, came to Red among fifty thousand.
The rapid movement of the Russians behind the French had the same destructive effect on the Russian army as the flight of the French. The only difference was that the Russian army moved arbitrarily, without the threat of death that hung over the French army, and that the backward sick of the French remained in the hands of the enemy, the backward Russians remained at home. The main reason for the reduction of Napoleon's army was the speed of movement, and the corresponding reduction of the Russian troops serves as an undoubted proof of this.
| Obukhovsky bridge, view upstream |
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| 59°55′18″ N sh. 30°19′04″ in. d. HGIOL | |
| Crosses | Fontanka river |
| Location | Moscow avenue |
| Design | |
| Construction type | solid two-hinged reinforced concrete vault |
| Main span | 18 m |
| Bridge width | 30.88 m |
| Exploitation | |
| Opening |
(stone according to a standard project); (existing) |
| Media files at Wikimedia Commons | |
| Object of cultural heritage of Russia of regional significance reg. No. 781711018850005(EGROKN) object number 7802260000(Wikipedia DB) |
Name of the bridge
Story
The first wooden bridge across the Fontanka River in the alignment of modern Moskovsky Prospekt was built in 1717. The bridge had a transverse slot 70 cm wide in the middle, intended for the passage of masted ships; during the day this gap was filled with boards. In 1738 the crossing was rebuilt.
In 1785, a new stone bridge was built, one of seven typical three-span stone bridges across the Fontanka. Most literary sources call the author of the project the French engineer J.-R. Perrone (although this has not been documented). The bridge was three-span, with arched side spans and a wooden draw span in the middle. Open granite towers topped with domes were erected over the river supports. They are obsessed with the mechanisms of the draw span. In 1865, according to the project of engineer Mikhailov, the wooden drawbridge was replaced by a permanent brick vault, and the overhead granite towers were dismantled. By design, the bridge became three-span, with stone vaulted spans, the openings in the light of which along the longitudinal axis were 13.9; 9.17 and 14 m. was laid out of brick with granite facing; its lifting boom was 1.52 m. The abutments and river supports were also made of stone, lined with granite. The railings were metal and were ordinary straight rods, between which small rings were inserted at the top and bottom. The longitudinal axis of the bridge made an angle of 67° 15’ with the direction of the faces of the supports.
By the end of the 1930s, it became necessary to rebuild the bridge, since its width, which did not reach 16.5 m, limited traffic along the International Avenue with a width of 30.6 m. In addition, subsidence was observed in the brick vaults of the central span with seams opening up to 25 mm . In 1937, the design department of the Office for the Maintenance of Bridges and Embankments began to develop a project for a new bridge. The authors were engineer V. V. Demchenko and architect L. A. Noskov. In 1939 the bridge was opened to traffic.
Design
The bridge is three-span, with solid two-hinged parabolic arches. Outside, the superstructure and supports are lined with granite slabs. The longitudinal axis of the bridge makes an angle of 60° with the direction of the faces of the supports. The span formula of the bridge is 14.4 + 18 + 14.4 m. The width of the bridge between the railings is 30.88 m, the width of the carriageway is 24.6 m, the sidewalks are 3 m each. River supports and bank abutments are reinforced concrete, on wooden piles grounds. Under them, 1600 wooden piles, 11 m long, were driven in. The sidewalks were paved with granite slabs, the roadway was covered with asphalt concrete. Initially, a gas pipeline of the Leningrad gas network was laid under the riding sidewalk. In 1950, due to a gas leak, an explosion occurred that destroyed part of the granite pavement slabs. The remaining part of the pipe was drowned out and covered with sand. After this incident, it was decided to plug the gas pipelines on other city bridges - Novo-Petergofsky, Komsomolsky and others. Solid granite parapets are installed as railings. Granite obelisks with round glass lanterns on brackets are installed on the abutments.
: 59.921667 , 30.317778 59°55′18″ N sh. 30°19′04″ in. d. / 59.921667° N. sh. 30.317778° E d.(G) (O) (I)
solid two-hinged reinforced concrete vault
Name of the bridge
Story
The first wooden bridge across the Fontanka River in the alignment of modern Moskovsky Prospekt was built in 1717. The bridge had a transverse slot 70 cm wide in the middle, intended for the passage of masted ships; during the day this gap was filled with boards. In 1738 the crossing was rebuilt.
In 1785 a new stone bridge was built, one of seven typical three-span stone bridges across the Fontanka. Most literary sources call the author of the project a French engineer J-R. Perrone (although this has not been documented). The bridge had three spans, with arched side spans and a wooden draw span in the middle. Above the river pillars, open granite towers were erected, topped with domes. They are obsessed with the mechanisms of the draw span. In 1865, according to the project of engineer Mikhailov, the wooden drawbridge was replaced with a permanent brick vault, and the overhead granite towers were dismantled. By design, the bridge became three-span, with stone vaulted spans, the openings in the light of which along the longitudinal axis were 13.9; 9.17 and 14 m. lined with brick with granite cladding; its lifting boom was 1.52 m. The abutments and river supports were also made of stone, lined with granite. The railings were metal and were ordinary straight rods, between which small rings were inserted at the top and bottom. The longitudinal axis of the bridge made an angle of 67° 15’ with the direction of the faces of the supports.
By the end of the 1930s, it became necessary to rebuild the bridge, since its width, which did not reach 16.5 m, limited traffic along the International Avenue with a width of 30.6 m. In addition, subsidence was observed in the brick vaults of the central span with seams opening up to 25 mm . In 1937, the design department of the Office for the Maintenance of Bridges and Embankments began to develop a project for a new bridge. The authors were engineer V. V. Demchenko and architect L. A. Noskov. In 1939 the bridge was opened to traffic.
Design
The bridge is three-span, with solid two-hinged parabolic arches. Outside, the superstructure and supports are lined with granite slabs. The longitudinal axis of the bridge makes an angle of 60° with the direction of the faces of the supports. The span formula of the bridge is 14.4 + 18 + 14.4 m. The width of the bridge between the railings is 30.88 m, the width of the carriageway is 24.6 m, the sidewalks are 3 m each. grounds. Under them, 1600 wooden piles, 11 m long, were driven in. The sidewalks were paved with granite slabs, the roadway was covered with asphalt concrete. Initially, a gas pipeline of the Leningrad gas network was laid under the riding sidewalk. In 1950, due to a gas leak, an explosion occurred that destroyed part of the granite pavement slabs. The remaining part of the pipe was drowned out and covered with sand. After this incident, it was decided to plug the gas pipelines on other city bridges - Novo-Petergofsky, Komsomolsky, etc. Solid granite parapets were installed as railings. Granite obelisks with round glass lanterns on brackets are installed on the abutments.
Miscellaneous
- From the bridge came the names: Obukhovsky Prospekt (in the 19th century - part of the current Moskovsky Prospekt from Sennaya Square to Fontanka) and Obukhovskaya Square on Moskovsky Prospekt near the Fontanka River.
- F. M. Dostoevsky, who arrived to enter the Engineering School, moved into the hotel located near the Obukhovsky bridge in 1837.
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| Bridge at the beginning of the 20th century | Obukhovsky bridge before reconstruction (1939) | Obukhovsky bridge, lantern |
Literature
- Stroyizdat, Leningrad. department, 1986. - 280 p.
- Antonov B.I. Bridges of St. Petersburg. - St. Petersburg: Verb, 2002. - 192 p. - ISBN 5-89662-019-5
Obukhovsky bridge, one of the oldest bridge structures in St. Petersburg, spans the Fontanka and is located in the alignment of Moskovsky Prospekt. If you walk from the bridge towards the city center, you can go to Sadovaya Street and Sennaya Square. Following in reverse direction, you get to the metro station "Technological Institute" and Zagorodny Prospekt.
The Obukhovsky Bridge owes its name to the name of the "townsman" Obukhov, who in 1717 built the first crossing here - a wooden beam bridge. This wooden structure had a transverse gap in the middle, seventy centimeters wide, intended for the passage of masted ships. For the purpose of safe movement, during the daytime, this hole was laid with boards.
In 1738, the Obukhovsky bridge was rebuilt, and at the same time, it was renamed, after which it became known as the Saar Bridge, based on the nearby road leading to the Saar Manor, known today as Tsarskoe Selo. However, this name did not stick, and the bridge again began to bear the name of the construction contractor Obukhov, keeping the memory of him to this day. Moreover, other Petersburg names originated from the Obukhovsky Bridge, such as Obukhovsky Square, located on Moskovsky Prospekt near the Fontanka, or Obukhovsky Prospekt, which in the 19th century occupied part of modern Moskovsky Prospekt, from Sennaya Square to Fontanka.
In 1785-1786 this bridge structure was rebuilt again. Now the construction of the Obukhovsky bridge was carried out according to a standard project, according to which seven permanent bridges across the Fontanka were built, such as Chernyshev Bridge, Staro-Kalinkin and others. By the way, only these two mentioned bridges managed to survive to this day in their original form, without undergoing any significant changes over the years of operation.
The year 1865 brought another reconstruction to the Obukhovsky bridge, designed by engineer Mikhailov. Then its drawbridge was replaced with a permanent brick vault, and the bridge towers were dismantled. In such a relatively meager architectural form, the bridge existed for more than 70 years, until in 1939 another replacement of the structure of this structure took place. During this restructuring, the project of which was developed by engineer V. V. Demchenko and architect L. A. Noskov, the Obukhovsky bridge became a three-span reinforced concrete structure with solid elliptical vaults and granite cladding of facades. Such prompt and radical intervention was due to the fact that with a width of only 16.5 meters, the bridge began to severely limit the capacity of Moskovsky Prospekt, the width of which was twice as large, and reached almost 31 meters. After the reconstruction, the width of the Obukhovsky bridge became equal to the width of the avenue in the alignment of which it is located, and became the same 31 meters, while the length of the structure was 67 meters. The entrances to the bridge were decorated with installed granite obelisks with lanterns and granite parapets, which gave the bridge a visual heaviness. It is noteworthy that along the longitudinal axis of the Obukhovsky bridge, the faces of its supports are directed at an angle of 60 degrees, since the Fontanka River, through which it was built, also crosses Moskovsky Prospekt with an angular slope.
The text was prepared by Anzhelika Likhacheva
The cable-stayed bridge of St. Petersburg is one of the most long bridges in Russia and the only fixed bridge across the Neva in the northern capital. The cable-stayed bridge consists of an upper part, along which traffic flows to the east of St. Petersburg, and a lower part, intended for vehicles heading to the west of the city. In fact, these are two bridges on which traffic moves in opposite directions.
Despite the size of the structure, its design seems light, elegant, as if floating in the air.
This bridge is often called Bolshoi Obukhovsky by name. historic district Obukhov, named after the Obukhov plant, one of the founders of which was Pavel Mikhailovich Obukhov. This name was chosen by the Petersburgers themselves and the residents of Leningrad region. Among the proposed names were such as the bridge of Olga Berggolts and Izhorsky, Nevsky and Leningradsky.
For reference: in the city on the Neva there is also the Obukhovsky bridge across the Fontanka River, built in 1717. Initially it was wooden, and in 1785 it was rebuilt in stone.
Description
The cable-stayed bridge connects Obukhovskaya Oborony Avenue and Oktyabrskaya Embankment, it is located in the middle reaches of the Neva, on the border of the Nevsky District and the Vsevolzhsky District of the Leningrad Region. Its peculiarity is that it is a hinged, the only fixed bridge across the Neva and traffic on it is carried out around the clock in eight lanes.
The height of the pylons installed on the banks of the Neva is 126 meters. Each of the pylons has 14 pairs of guys (cables) supporting the roadway.
For reference: the guy is a bundle of steel cables, the so-called strands, wrapped in a plastic pipe. The number of strands in each shroud varies from 13 pieces - in the closest to the pylon to 91 units - in the farthest one.
Characteristics of the cable-stayed bridge
- The total length of the structure is 2824 meters
- The length of the main span is 382 meters
- The height of the vault above the water (underbridge clearance) is 30 meters, which makes it possible for unhindered passage of river-sea class vessels
- Number of lanes - 4 in each direction
- Width - 30 meters.
From the history
More than 10 project options were considered when choosing the structure design. According to the terms of navigation, there should not have been supports on the Neva in this place, so it was decided to build a hinged structure for the crossing.
Construction began on April 15, 2001, and the opening of the first stage of the facility, which was attended by Russian President Vladimir Putin, took place on December 15, 2004.