KMV. Mineralnye Vody and Inozemtsevo

From Moscow

By car. Along the E50 highway. Distance 1564.1 km. Travel time – 18.16 hours.

By plane. From Domodedovo, Sheremetyevo and Vnukovo airports on flights Moscow - Mineral water" Next by taxi, bus or commuter train(14 km). Travel time – 0.15-0.30 hours.

By long-distance train. From the Kursky and Kazansky railway stations on the trains "Moscow - Kislovodsk", "St. Petersburg - Kislovodsk", "Moscow - Nalchik", "Moscow - Vladikavkaz", "Moscow - Nazran", "St. Petersburg - Makhachkala" to the station "Mineralnye" Water". Travel time – 22.50-37.00 hours. Then by taxi, bus or commuter train (14 km). Travel time – 0.15-0.30 hours.

Walk around Inozemtsevo

You can start your walk around the village at the old Roschke's home(near the intersection of Shosseynaya and Sadovaya streets). Previously, the Tatar village of Karras was located on the site of Inozemtsevo. In 1801, by order of Emperor Alexander I, a group of Scots from the Bible Society of Edinburgh went here for missionary work. The royal decree stated that European settlers should spread “industry, crafts and Christianity” among the Caucasian mountaineers - Muslims and pagans. After 4 years, the missionaries were allocated land - 7,000 acres. They worked hard, ransomed slaves, and preached. Another 4 years later, the Germans arrived in Karras and organized their own colony - Nikolaevskaya. They were engaged in growing gardens, growing grapes, and also raising livestock.

House Roschke

The Germans brought the cultivation of tobacco, the production of quality cheeses, kefir and meat products to the culture of the Caucasian Mineral Waters. Skilled furniture makers, tanners, and printers worked here. Holidaymakers flocked to these places because Karras had a lot of greenery, cheap vegetables and fruits, flowers, and the areas of the households were neat in German style.

The house near which the walk around Inozemtsevo began belonged to the foreman of the German colony, Gottlieb Roschke. An enterprising German set up a cozy coffee shop there. A.S. has been here. Pushkin, L.N. Tolstoy, M.I. Glinka, V.G. Belinsky. Roschke's coffee shop was the place where M.Yu had breakfast. Lermontov before heading to a duel with Martynov. Now the house is privately owned. And they plan to open a museum in it.

To the south along Shosseynaya Street there is the Luch cinema. It occupies premises that were built in former church building- Evangelical Lutheran Church of the colony. It was built by the architect Giuseppe Marco Bernardazzi in 1840.

Across the intersection from the cinema there is an Orthodox church Church of the Beheading of John the Baptist(40 Svobody Avenue), consecrated in 1999.

Church of the Beheading of John the Baptist

From the church, Krupskaya Street leads to the Inozemtsevo railway station. To the west of the platform stands the former Inozemtsev's house, manager of the Rostov-Vladikavkaz railway. Last years During his life, already ill, Ivan Inozemtsev lived in the German colony of Karras. And in 1913, a year after Inozemtsev’s death, the Karras station was renamed in his honor. There is a memorial plaque on this house, where the teacher training college is now located.

House of Ivan Dmitrievich Inozemtsev

From the station along Vokzalnaya, Shosseynaya and Kolkhoznaya streets you can go to the territory of the Mashuk Aqua-Therm sanatorium. It has a beautiful, well-kept landscaped park. Another attraction of the sanatorium is the bronze enema monument.

Enema Monument

The northern part of the sanatorium territory covers the lands of the former cemetery of the German Nikolaev colony, a beautiful coniferous park and a small picturesque Lake "Mashuk", with a gazebo in the middle.

Lake "Mashuk"

From here it’s not far to the final point of the walk along Inozemtsevo – the entertainment complex and water park “ City of Sun" It was built near the fork of the federal highway E50 “Caucasus” (Nikolaevskaya St., 2). It has its own hotel, restaurants, the Pyramira bowling club and a huge water park. “City of the Sun” opened its doors to visitors in 2009. The water park has 9 swimming pools and 12 different attractions. Here you can have a wonderful and fun time and even have a snack in the summer cafe. Special pools and slides have been built for children, and professional animators provide entertainment programs.

Water park "City of the Sun"

Resort village Inozemtsevo, located in the Stavropol Territory, is very interesting locality with an unusual story.

Story

The first settlers in this place were Scottish missionaries led by Alexander Paterson. They arrived in Russia in the village of Karras in 1802 for religious activities among the mountaineers who inhabited the area. This particular place was chosen because the missionaries considered the Caucasian highlanders to be similar to the Scottish highlanders. However, the reality greatly disappointed visiting foreigners. The Tatars and representatives of the Caucasian peoples who inhabited the village actually lived in the Middle Ages; rich and noble residents had slaves. The Scots tried to redeem children from slavery, taught them, and many later became quite successful people. The price for freedom was quite high, two hundred silver rubles. Funds for ransoming missionaries were transferred from Scotland. After several years of living in Karras, most of the settlers moved to continue their activities in the Orenburg region, although Paterson remained.

Following the Scots came German settlers. They began to actively develop these lands, cultivating various varieties of wheat, grapes and many other crops. Livestock farming also developed. It soon became clear that growing cereals would not bring much income, so the settlers turned mainly to gardening. Thanks to hard work, numerous mills, oil mills and other machines for processing the resulting agricultural raw materials appeared. For the first time, they began to grow tobacco in the district. Thanks to cheap goods, numerous vacationers on the Caucasian mineral waters began to come here.

With the beginning of the Great Patriotic War, the population of the colonies, which consisted almost entirely of Germans, was evicted to Kazakhstan due to the threat of possible cooperation with German troops. Few returned home, as property was not returned after the relocation decree was lifted.

The German colonists called their settlement Nikolaevka, but in common parlance among the surrounding residents the name of the village “Scotlandka” has long circulated. Only in 1959, as a result of the merger of Nikolaevka and Karras, the village of Inozemtsevo appeared. It got its name, ironically, not from the abundance of foreigners in these places, but from the station named after Ivan Dmitrievich Inozemtsev, the railway manager, who had a mansion nearby.

Inozemtsevo - resort village in the urban district of the resort city of Zheleznovodsk, Stavropol Territory. One of the largest urban villages in Russia.

Geography

Located on the eastern slopes of Mount Beshtau. Distance to the regional center: 180 km.

It was here in 1801-1835 that the first and oldest settlement of immigrants from Western Europe - Scottish missionaries of the Edinburgh Bible Society. The Scottish colony was founded near the highland village of Karras. Later, the Germans joined the colony and founded the Nikolaev colony nearby. The Scots themselves left the colony in 1821. The missionaries were sent to the Caucasian line at the behest of Emperor Alexander I “with the aim of spreading industriousness, crafts and Christianity among the mountain peoples of the Mohammedan and pagan confession.” In the fall of 1801, a site was chosen for the mission on the eastern slope of Mount Beshtau, in the ancient Tatar settlement of Karras, which belonged to the descendants of the Crimean Sultan Giray. In 1805, the missionaries received 7 thousand acres of government land. 12/25/1806 Alexander I issued a letter to the residents of the colony. 29.9.1817 The Committee of Ministers decided to relocate from K. German. colonists (not implemented). The Committee of Ministers adopted decisions on the reorganization of the colony, approved by Nicholas I (12/15/1828, 6/26/1835). Evang. community (1806-66), lute. parish Pyatigorsk. Church (1840). Land 7000 des. (1807), 2859 des. (1883), 3498 dec. (1910). Gardening, viticulture and winemaking, floriculture, beekeeping. Leather factories of R. Peddie, K. and Yu. Engelhardt, brick tiles. plant of E. Ya. Alfton, lime plant "Anchor", creamery, shops, pharmacy. Village Council, agricultural cooper. comradeship, beginning school, reading room (1926), k-z im. K. Liebknecht. Pedagogical College (1933). A. S. Pushkin and M. Yu. Lermontov visited here (he went from here in 1841 to his fatal duel). Place of birth fierce. pastors I. T. Keller (1842-1918), E. E. Deggeler (1868-1956). Members of the mission actively spread Christianity, published religious literature, bought slaves with money from the Bible Society, converted them to the Christian faith and returned their freedom. In addition, the missionaries were engaged in carpentry, carpentry, blacksmithing, pottery, printing, baking, tailoring and weaving, and also traded agricultural products in the CMS markets. To help the Scots cultivate the land, in the summer of 1809 the first German families from the Saratov province moved to Karras. Among them were craftsmen: mechanic Johann Martin, tanner Christian Conradi, shoemaker Johann Liebig, paper manufacturer Ludwig Liebig, blacksmith Johann Georg Engelhart. The Scots left the colony in 1821. In 1835, near Karras, the German Nikolaevskaya colony (also Novo-Nikolaevskaya) was established, which demarcated 4.5 thousand dessiatines from the old allotment (in 1831 - Konstantinovskaya, between which extensive vineyards grew). Until 1917 - Terek region, Pyatigorsk (Georgievsky) district/Novogrigoryevsky district, Pyatigorsk/Novogrigoryevskaya…

Inozemtsevo is a resort village in the urban district of the resort town of Zheleznovodsk, Stavropol Territory. One of the largest urban villages in Russia.

Located on the eastern slopes of Mount Beshtau. Distance to the regional center: 180 km.

Story

It was here that in 1801-1835 the first and oldest settlement of immigrants from Western Europe was located - Scottish missionaries of the Edinburgh Bible Society. The Scottish colony was founded near the highland village of Karras. Later, the Germans joined the colony and founded the Nikolaev colony nearby. The Scots themselves left the colony in 1821. The missionaries were sent to the Caucasian line at the behest of Emperor Alexander I “with the aim of spreading industriousness, crafts and Christianity among the mountain peoples of the Mohammedan and pagan confession.”

In the fall of 1801, a site was chosen for the mission on the eastern slope of Mount Beshtau, in the ancient Tatar settlement of Karras, which belonged to the descendants of the Crimean Sultan Giray. In 1805, the missionaries received 7 thousand acres of government land.

12/25/1806 Alexander I issued a letter to the residents of the colony. 29.9.1817 The Committee of Ministers decided to relocate from K. German. colonists (not implemented). The Committee of Ministers adopted decisions on the reorganization of the colony, approved by Nicholas I (12/15/1828, 6/26/1835).

Evang. community (1806-66), lute. parish Pyatigorsk Church (1840). Land 7000 des. (1807), 2859 des. (1883), 3498 dec. (1910). Gardening, viticulture and winemaking, floriculture, beekeeping. Leather factories of R. Peddie, K. and Yu. Engelhardt, brick tiles. plant of E. Ya. Alfton, lime plant "Anchor", creamery, shops, pharmacy. Village Council, agricultural cooper. comradeship, beginning school, reading room (1926), k-z im. K. Liebknecht. Pedagogical College (1933). A. S. Pushkin and M. Yu. Lermontov visited here (he went from here in 1841 to his fatal duel). Place of birth fierce. pastors I. T. Keller (1842-1918), E. E. Deggeler (1868-1956).

Members of the mission actively spread Christianity, published religious literature, bought slaves with money from the Bible Society, converted them to the Christian faith and returned their freedom. In addition, the missionaries were engaged in carpentry, carpentry, blacksmithing, pottery, printing, baking, tailoring and weaving, and also traded agricultural products in the CMS markets.

To help the Scots cultivate the land, in the summer of 1809 the first German families from the Saratov province moved to Karras. Among them were craftsmen: mechanic Johann Martin, tanner Christian Conradi, shoemaker Johann Liebig, paper manufacturer Ludwig Liebig, blacksmith Johann Georg Engelhart. The Scots left the colony in 1821.

In 1835, near Karras, the German Nikolaevskaya colony (also Novo-Nikolaevskaya) was established, which demarcated 4.5 thousand dessiatines from the old allotment (in 1831 - Konstantinovskaya, between which extensive vineyards grew).

Before 1917 - Terek region, Pyatigorsk (Georgievsky) district/Novogrigoryevsky district, Pyatigorsk/Novogrigoryevskaya vol.; in Sov. period - Ordzhonikidze region, Mineralovodsk/Goryachevodsk district. Lut.-menn. village, main in 1835. 5 km to the north. from Pyatigorsk. Founders from the Volga region. Lute. parish Pyatigorsk Church (1906). Land 2587 des. (1883), 3143 dec. Water mill, accommodation for guests from nearby. resorts Cooper. shop, beginning school, village council (1926). K-z "Oktober-Funke". Living: 270 (1858), 373 (1874), 546 (1883), 641 (1889), 955/930 German. (1897), 1046 (1904), 1685 (1914), 1997/1516 German. (1926).

The new colonists, abandoning unprofitable farming, took up gardening, vegetable gardening, viticulture, meat and milk production. They became regular suppliers of flowers, fruits, vegetables, meat, milk, kefir and excellent German cheeses to the CMV markets. The Germans brought tobacco cultivation to the CMS and successfully traded it in markets. From the first years of settlement, they were the only ones who baked bread for sale, delivering it to the canteens and restaurants of the resort.

In the middle of the 19th century, both colonies operated an oil mill, a tannery, a brick factory, and a lime factory. The names of furniture makers and carriage makers (Andrei Conradi) were widely known. Cleanliness, comfortable amenities, an abundance of greenery, flowers and fruits, tasty and inexpensive food attracted the resort crowd here.

Until August 1941, the population of the colonies of Karras and Nikolaevskaya was up to 90% German. However, by order of I.V. Stalin, who feared complicity with the fascist army in the event of occupation, almost the entire German population was taken to Northern Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, the Urals and Siberia within a month.

In September 1941, the former colonies of Karras and Nikolaevskaya received the status of villages.

In 1959, the villages of Karras and Nikolaevskoye were united into the resort village of Inozemtsevo. This name was derived from the railway station of the same name. And the Inozemtsevo station, in turn, was named after the manager of the Vladikavkaz Railway, Ivan Dmitrievich Inozemtsev, whose mansion is located next to the station.

Since January 1983, Inozemtsevo received the status of an urban village within the city of Zheleznovodsk. In terms of population, Inozemtsevo (27,455) is larger than Zheleznovodsk (25,203).

Russian Orthodox Church

Church of the Beheading of John the Baptist. Consecrated on July 7, 1999
Church of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary. Construction is carried out by the Greek diaspora

Cultural heritage sites

Historical monuments

Mass grave of Soviet soldiers who died during the liberation of the village
The building where the preschool was located Orphanage, which was visited by N.K. Krupskaya
The building from the balcony of which K. Zetkin spoke to residents of the village of Karras
Roschke's house, where the poet M. Yu. Lermontov spent his last hours before the duel. More details
Tomb of the Unknown Soldier

Attractions

House Roschke

In 1824, a wheeled (dirt) road was built, connecting Hot Waters with Zheleznye through Karras (with a branch to the town of Mashuk - through the territory of the present Mashuk station, Central Electric Power Plant (Energetik village), Perkalsky tree nursery, Lesnaya Dacha (Komsomolskaya Polyana) and up almost directly, almost without serpentine). On the road, in the estate of the German colonist Gottlieb Roschke, there was a famous coffee shop and a small hotel. According to an agreement with the Directorate of Waters, crews and riders made a mandatory rest stop near this estate.

A. S. Pushkin, M. Yu. Lermontov, V. G. Belinsky, M. I. Glinka, L. N. Tolstoy visited Roshke’s cafe. KMS researcher F.A. Batalin noted in 1856 that “better coffee than in the Coffee House, in the house of the foreman of the colony Roshke, cannot be found in Pyatigorsk.” It so happened that in the last hours before the fatal duel, M. Yu. Lermontov had dinner with friends in this house.

Enema Monument

In June 2008, on the territory of the local sanatorium “Mashuk Aqua-Therm”, the world’s first and so far only monument dedicated to the enema was installed. It is a bronze monument weighing 350 kg and 1.5 meters high, made in the form of a composition of three angelic children holding a large pear-shaped enema above their heads. Sculptor of the project Avakova S.I.

“In many medical institutions, including the resorts of the Caucasian Mineral Waters, an enema is one of the most frequently prescribed procedures for the treatment and prevention of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract,” said Alexander Kharchenko, director of the Mashuk Aqua-Therm sanatorium. Therefore, it was high time to erect a monument to the enema. At the entrance to the sanatorium itself there is now a slogan: “Let’s hit sloppiness and congestion with an enema!”

Batalinsky spring

Batalinsky spring - a source of bitter, laxative mineral water, located east of the village on the left bank of the Dzhemukha River

Batalinskaya cave