Malabo equatorial guinea. Equatorial Guinea map in Russian
Where is Equatorial Guinea located on the world map. Detailed map Equatorial Guinea in Russian online. Satellite map of Equatorial Guinea with cities and resorts. Equatorial Guinea on the world map is a country in Central Africa, which includes both mainland and island parts. The capital is Malabo, which has a population of only 10 thousand people. The official language is Spanish, but residents speak mainly African languages, including Bubi and Fang. Dialects of French and Portuguese are also common.
Map of Equatorial Guinea in Russian:
Equatorial Guinea - Wikipedia:
Population of Equatorial Guinea- 1,221,490 people (2016)
Capital of Equatorial Guinea- Malabo
Telephone code of Equatorial Guinea - 240
Languages spoken in Equatorial Guinea- Spanish language, Portuguese language, French language
The subequatorial, humid and hot climate of this country is characterized by constantly high temperatures throughout the year. On average it is +24...+28 C. It is much cooler in the mountains, where the average air temperature does not exceed +15 C.
Being the capital Malabo city is the most comfortable, developed and safe settlement in Equatorial Guinea. Despite the lack of historical attractions and beautiful architecture, the city is notable for the fact that national colorful festivals are annually organized and held here, the main program of which consists of national dances and songs.
Dances of Equatorial Guinea - business card a country that has glorified it not only in Africa, but also on other continents. Also, if you go to the capital’s environs, you can see the traditions and life of ordinary people.
Today Equatorial Guinea- one of the poorest African countries with a very low standard of living. But all efforts are aimed at improving the quality of life and development tourism infrastructure. The number of tourists is growing every year, and the most visited cities and resorts are Mbini, Malabo, Bata and Ebebyin.
What to see in Equatorial Guinea:
Luba Crater Scientific Reserve, Santa Isabel Cathedral, Ebebin, Pico Basil, Bioko Island, San Antonio de Palais, Annobon Island, Malabo City.
Basic moments
Most of the Rio Muni is located within the South Guinean Highlands. The mountains do not exceed 1500 m, in the west they turn into a coastal plain. Largest river, crossing the country from east to west - Mbini. The climate is equatorial, constantly humid: the average annual temperature is 24–28 °C, precipitation falls up to 2000 mm per year, and there are 160 rainy days per year. Relatively drier months are May–September and December–January. Most of the territory (more than 60%) is covered with dense tropical forests, in which ficus, breadfruit, mimosa, sandalwood and other valuable species grow. The forests of Equatorial Guinea are like a natural zoo - monkeys, antelopes, gazelles, mongooses, bats, squirrels are so numerous here, there are also elephants and leopards.
The relief of the island of Macias Nguema Biyogo is varied, its highest point- Mount Santa Isabel (3050 m) - is the peak of the ancient extinct volcano. In the southeastern part of the island there is the “great depression of San Carlos” with a depth of 1300 m and a diameter of 5 km, surrounded by a continuous chain of mountains. The climate on the coast of the island is almost the same as on the mainland, but in the highlands the average annual temperature drops to 18 °C, and the amount of precipitation increases to 2500–4000 mm per year. It's even colder in the highlands. The climate of the southern part of the island is the wettest: even in “dry” years, up to 11,000 mm of precipitation falls here. The vegetation is very rich, especially in the south of the island: coconut palms and hevea grow here. Mountain peaks- a country of ferns and lobelias. There are picturesque lakes in the craters of volcanoes. The world of birds is diverse (parrots, hornbills, turacos, hoopoes), and among the animals there are many foxes, squirrels, monkeys (including rare species).
Equatorial Guinea has a population of 1,221,490 (2016). The main population of the country is the Fang and Bubi peoples from the Bantu language family. The Fang are the inhabitants of the continental Rio Muni, farmers who have preserved rich folklore traditions, ritual holidays, and sculptural art. Bubi live on the islands and are famous for their skill in making canes, spears, and amulets decorated with ornaments.
The capital and largest city of the country is Malabo, located on the island of Macias Nguema Biogo. The territory of Equatorial Guinea was discovered by the Portuguese in the end. XV century, from the end. XVI century The colonization of the islands began. Spain, Holland and Great Britain also claimed the territory of Equatorial Guinea. Since 1778 - possession of Spain under the name Spanish Guinea. Since 1960, an “overseas province” of Spain. In 1964 it was granted internal autonomy. Since October 1968, Spanish Guinea has been an independent state called Equatorial Guinea.
Story
Until 1959, the colony of Spanish Guinea was located on the territory of what is now Equatorial Guinea. In the 1890s, active penetration of the Spaniards into Fernando Po Island began. After World War I, Spain took military control of the Rio Muni.
Until the 1960s, colonial authorities exercised strict political control over Africans. The colony pursued a policy of racial segregation. Mixed marriages between whites and Africans were punished by law. After 1950, the colonial administration took a number of steps to economic development Fernando-Po. In 1959, Fernando Po and Rio Muni, as well as the surrounding islands, were declared overseas provinces of Spain, and the local population received the status of Spanish citizens. Both provinces were under the control of a Spanish governor-general, vested with military and civil powers. In a referendum held in December 1963, the population of both provinces voted in favor of granting internal autonomy to Spanish Guinea. Under the management system introduced in 1964, the Commissioner General, representing the Spanish government, retained control in the areas of foreign policy, defense and maintenance. internal order, and some economic and administrative functions were transferred to the local government.
The independence movement expanded in the 1960s. At a national referendum held in August 1968 under the auspices of the UN, the population spoke in favor of independence and approved the corresponding constitution. In September 1968, presidential and parliamentary elections took place. On October 12, 1968, the country was officially declared an independent state, and Fang from Rio Muni, Francisco Macias Nguema Biyogo, became its first president.
Macias's first steps in public service alarmed the Spanish community so much that within six months, 85% of Spaniards left the country. The ensuing persecution of seasonal migrant workers from Nigeria who worked on cocoa plantations forced approx. 40% of Nigerians return to their homeland. The loss of qualified personnel and unskilled labor has had a detrimental effect on the country's economy. In 1970, Macias Nguema further strengthened his position by merging all political organizations into the United National Workers' Party (PUNT). On July 14, 1972, he was proclaimed president for life of the country. In 1973, under a new constitution, Equatorial Guinea became a unitary state. That same year all Spanish geographical names were replaced by African ones. In foreign policy, Macias Nguema strengthened ties with socialist states, primarily China and Cuba. Within the country, the ruling regime pursued a policy of repression against the Bube living on Bioko Island. About 70 thousand Bube emigrated to Cameroon, Gabon and European countries. After the last Nigerians were expelled from Equatorial Guinea in 1976, Mbini residents were forcibly brought to Bioko to harvest cocoa beans. In 1977, Equatorial Guinea broke off diplomatic relations with the United States and Spain.
The outbreak of unrest and the collapse of the economy prepared the conditions for the coup d'etat on August 3, 1979, which was led by Macias Nguema's nephew, Colonel Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo. A Supreme Military Council was formed to lead the country. In September, Macias Nguema was executed by court order, then diplomatic relations with Spain and the United States were restored and political and economic reforms began. The most significant economic assistance to Equatorial Guinea was provided by Spain. Some other Western countries, as well as the EEC and others, did not stand aside. international organizations. In 1981–1988 the position of the new leadership was strengthened by the discovery of offshore oil fields and the adoption of a new constitution in 1982. However, during this period four coup attempts had to be suppressed. The government did not respond to the opposition's calls to introduce multi-party democracy in the country. Instead, in 1986, Obiang Nguema formed the pro-government Democratic Party of Equatorial Guinea (PDEG).
The 1990s were a decade of gradual, cautious liberalization and repression of the opposition in Equatorial Guinea. Following the entry into force of the constitution establishing a multi-party system, a transitional government led by Obiang Nguema was formed. The new government legalized opposition political parties, including the Progress Party of Equatorial Guinea (PPEG), and announced a general amnesty, which also extended to the emigrant opposition. At the same time, in 1992–1993. Many prominent opposition figures were arrested. International human rights organizations, in particular Amnesty International, have repeatedly accused the government of Equatorial Guinea of mass arrests and torture of persons under investigation.
In 1995, the leaders of the PPEG were tried by a military court and found guilty of treason, and only the intervention of French President Jacques Chirac saved them from reprisals. The opposition and international observers noted that all three election campaigns of the transition period - the 1993 parliamentary elections, the 1995 local elections and the 1996 presidential elections - were accompanied by blackmail, intimidation, rigging of results, and persecution of opposition supporters.
Economy
Due to recently commissioned oil fields, Equatorial Guinea last years has sharply increased its income, and in per capita terms is one of the first places in the world. At the same time, population development indicators are extremely low, and there is reason to suspect that most of the money ends up in the pockets of government officials. Equatorial Guinea is also associated with international scandals over suspected large-scale money laundering.
Policy
After the declaration of independence in 1968, the authoritarian regime of Francisco Macias Nguema was established in Equatorial Guinea. During his dictatorship, at least a quarter of the population emigrated to Europe and African countries, where numerous opposition groups formed.
In 1979, Macias was removed from the presidency by his nephew, Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo, who commanded the national guard. Despite the new ruler's promises to respect the rule of law and be guided by the provisions of the 1982 constitution, until the early 1990s, the country actually maintained a military dictatorship led by the president and his Supreme Military Council. Obiang Nguema Mbasogo was the only candidate in the 1989 presidential elections. Only the pro-government Democratic Party of Equatorial Guinea (DPEG) was allowed in the country; the unicameral parliament was not an independent body of power, and its deputies were elected from a list of candidates selected by the president.
Under pressure from domestic opposition and world public opinion, Obiang Nguema Mbasogo was forced to introduce a new constitution in 1991, which provided for the establishment of a multi-party democracy. However, the democratization process was extremely slow, and both the UN and Amnesty International repeatedly published materials about human rights violations in Equatorial Guinea. The 1991 election law provided for a residency requirement: a politician who had not resided in the country for the last 10 years before the elections was not allowed to stand as a candidate. As a result, the influential emigrant opposition organization the Progress Party of Equatorial Guinea (PPEG) and a number of smaller groups were excluded from participation in the elections. The internal opposition, which formed the Platform of the Opposition Coordination Junta (POJK), boycotted the 1993 multi-party parliamentary elections.
After various restrictions were removed from the election law, local elections were held in 1995 with the participation of international observers. Although the opposition candidates won a landslide victory, it was officially announced that the pro-government PDEG candidates won in 2/3 of the electoral districts. The opposition's accusations of rigging the election results were ignored by the authorities. Because the opposition decided to boycott the 1996 presidential elections, Obiang Nguema Mbasogo received 90% of the vote and was re-elected to a third term.
During the reign of the first president, Macias Nguema Biyogo, Equatorial Guinea severed relations with Spain and others. Western countries, however, after Obiang Nguema Mbasogo came to power in 1979, Spain again became the country's main creditor. In 1994, the Spanish government recalled its ambassador and halved the amount of aid provided. Obiang Nguema Mbasogo, in an effort to reduce dependence on Spain, decided to join Equatorial Guinea to the French economic zone. In 1983, the country became a member of the Customs and Economic Union of Central Africa (UDEAC), and since 1984 it switched to using the CFA franc as its currency.
In the 1990s, France began to express concern about the slow pace of democratization in Equatorial Guinea. For the same reason, the United States closed its diplomatic mission in Malabo in 1996. Relations with neighboring Nigeria and Gabon are complicated due to territorial disputes. Along the line military assistance Equatorial Guinea is heavily dependent on Morocco.
Republic of Equatorial Guinea.
The name of the country is determined by its geographical location.
Capital of Equatorial Guinea. Malabo.
Area of Equatorial Guinea. 28051 km2.
Population of Equatorial Guinea. 845,000 people (
Equatorial Guinea GDP. $15.53 billion (
Location of Equatorial Guinea. Equatorial is a state in Central, which consists of the mainland and the islands of Corisco, Elobi Grande, Elobi-Chiko, Bioko, Annobin in the Gulf of Guinea.
Administrative divisions of Equatorial Guinea. The state is divided into 4 provinces.
Form of government of Equatorial Guinea. Republic.
Head of State of Equatorial Guinea. The president.
Supreme legislative body of Equatorial Guinea. A unicameral parliament is the House of People's Representatives.
Higher executive agency Equatorial Guinea. Government.
Major cities in Equatorial Guinea. Bata.
Official language of Equatorial Guinea. Spanish, French.
Religion of Equatorial Guinea. 90% - , 5% - Protestants.
Ethnic composition of Equatorial Guinea. 80% - fang, 15% - diamonds.
Currency of Equatorial Guinea. CFA franc = 100 centimes.
Sights of Equatorial Guinea. There are no special attractions in the country.
Useful information for tourists
Equatorial Guinea is a very poor country where the only pastime other than the beach is the numerous bars and restaurants with national cuisine, which can be found on almost every corner in every village and town. The population of the country, especially on the mainland, has preserved fairly strong folk traditions, and the importance of various cults and black magic is great. Wizards and sorcerers are still among the most important members of the community, so many tourists come here specifically to get acquainted with this aspect of life of the local population. It is prohibited to export gold and silver products and the skins of wild animals without appropriate permission.
Equatorial Guinea on a map of Africa
(all pictures are clickable)
Geographical position
Equatorial Guinea is a small state in Central Africa washed by the waters of the Gulf of Guinea. In addition to the mainland territory (Rio Muni), it includes coastal islands, the largest of which, Bioko Island, is located at a considerable distance from Rio Muni. It neighbors Cameroon and Gabon. The relief is formed by a coastal lowland, which in the continental region gives way to mountainous ridges. The area of the country is 28 thousand km².
The climate is equatorial. Seasonal temperature fluctuations are very slight, the average value is about +25.6 °C. Humidity is high throughout almost the entire country, the amount of precipitation per year is 2000-2500 mm. It rains about 160 days a year. Warm climate and high humidity cause diversity flora Equatorial Guinea.
Flora and fauna
Most of the country is covered with evergreen equatorial forests, dominated by valuable tree species - ebony, acaju, okume, etc.
Equatorial Guinea is home to elephants, antelopes, monkeys, leopards, many birds, insects, spiders and reptiles (especially snakes).
State structure
Map of Equatorial Guinea
The state has a republican form of government headed by a president, gradually moving from an order of authoritarian isolationism to a full-fledged multi-party system. Thus, after the constitution legalizing the multi-party system came into force, the new authorities went to legalize the political parties that were in the opposition.
The highest legislative power is represented by the House of People's Representatives. Territorial and administrative division - 7 provinces. The local currency is the CFA franc. The capital of Equatorial Guinea, the city of Malabo, is located on Bioko Island.
Population
The population is 720 thousand people, among them representatives of two ethnic groups predominate: Fang (about 80%) and Bubi (15%). The official language is Spanish, but the Fang and Bubi languages are used in everyday life. By religion, the majority of the country's inhabitants are Christians (Catholics and Protestants).
Economy
IN economically Equatorial Guinea is a typical agrarian developing country. The majority of residents are engaged in agriculture, which is dominated by export crops - cocoa and coffee. Food crops grown include cassava, peanuts, and sugar cane. The manufacturing industry consists of small semi-handicraft enterprises - oil mills, flour mills, soap factories and weaving factories.
Important components of imports: machinery and equipment for transport, sea vessels, petroleum products, food, tobacco products, petroleum products.
The history of the development of the lands of Equatorial Guinea began in the middle of the 15th century, when the islands of Annobi and Fernando Po were discovered by Portuguese navigators. At the beginning of the 16th century. Portugal had already colonized the entire territory of the country (both the islands and the mainland). In 1778, Guinea came under the jurisdiction of Spain and became known as Spanish Guinea. In 1960, the status of a colony was replaced by the status of an “overseas province”, and in 1964 the Spanish government granted it internal autonomy. In 1968, Spanish Guinea was recognized by the international community as an independent state called Equatorial Guinea.
Equatorial Guinea is located on the continent of Africa and the occupied territory of Equatorial Guinea is 28,051. The population of Equatorial Guinea is 693,000 people. The capital of Equatorial Guinea is located in the city of Malabo. Form government structure Equatorial Guinea - Republic. In Equatorial Guinea they speak: Spanish, French. Who does Equatorial Guinea border with: Cameroon, Gabon.Equatorial Guinea boasts a large variety of vegetation. The amazing soil on Bioko Island, formed by the ash of a long-extinct volcano, is rich in microelements - this contributes to the active growth of vines and trees. No matter how surprising it may seem, but local residents They even diligently prevent the growth of grapes, because they suppress cocoa plantations.
Rio Muni is famous for its rich vegetation, as well as the many fauna that live here. Most often in these lands you can see gazelles, lions and elephants. In addition, it is here that the amazingly beautiful Malabo volcano, beloved by tourists, is located.
The capital of the state is also called Malabo - it is a bright and friendly city located in the middle of the African tropics. Its main difference from many settlements continent - an abundance of bustling nightclubs, colorful markets and Parisian-style street bars. The country's capital can be called an ideal destination for tourism thanks to the impressive cone of a picturesque volcano in the south and warm ocean waves in the north. The government of the country is doing its best to attract as many guests as possible, maintaining relative safety and cleanliness in the city. As soon as dusk falls on Malabo, the streets are lit up with countless lights of clubs and restaurants that rarely open before sunset. Among alcoholic drinks, the unusual malamba drink, which is made from sugar cane, and local palm wine are especially popular, but beer is very expensive.
Bata is worth visiting - a charming, clean town with wide, shady streets. From here you cannot admire the magnificent Malabo volcano, but nevertheless it has its own charm. Bata has a very lively character, full of colorful markets, hotels, bars and a variety of restaurants. Here you can still see traces of the turbulent colonial past, and in addition, the city is a starting point for trips to small traditional villages or small picturesque islands, located near the mainland. Some of the world's most beautiful coastlines are just around the corner, to the south and north of Bata.
People traveling to the country from Cameroon often stop at quite big city Ebebyin, which is located in the northeast of Equatorial Guinea. To the west of it, twenty kilometers, you can see a very interesting museum, which is famous for its excellent collection of traditional sculptures of various peoples of the country and other works of art.
In Rio Benito Bay, fifty kilometers from Bata, there is another pretty town - Mbini. Not only is it an ideal place for aquatic species sports, here you can also observe the traditional life of the local residents.
The charming islands of Islas Elobi, located near Gabon, are home to very friendly people. And Elobi Chiko has the reputation of an abandoned city. There are no inhabitants on this island, but deserted ruins ancient capital are of considerable interest and provide a tempting opportunity to feel like an archaeologist or treasure hunter.
The culture of the people of Equatorial Guinea is very unusual. Sorcerers and wizards are still counted among the important people in society, and traditional dances, songs and festivals are real rituals.
Equatorial Guinea is an interesting and unique state. There are many ancient historical monuments here, but people nevertheless come here not for this - they want to see amazing natural resources country and immerse yourself in its unique culture.