Lesson: the eternal city is its inhabitants. Presentation on the topic "The Eternal City and its inhabitants"

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LESSON PLAN.

1. ROME - THE “HEART” OF THE EMPIRE. 2. CITY BUILDINGS. 3. PUBLIC BATH. 4. “BREAD AND SCENE.”

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LESSON ASSIGNMENT

Residents from all Roman provinces tried to move to Rome. What do you think attracted them to " The eternal City» ?

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1. ROME - THE “HEART” OF THE EMPIRE.

In Rome there was a huge number of buildings designed to emphasize the power of the empire. At many forums of the city, triumphal arches were installed in honor of victories over enemies Arc de Triomphe

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Columns were built to glorify emperors at many Forums. On the column itself there were bas-reliefs with scenes of the life of the emperors, and the columns were crowned with multi-meter statues of the emperors.

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The symbol of the city was the Colosseum building, intended for organizing spectacles and holding performances. It accommodated about 50 thousand spectators. The Colosseum in Rome.

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The Pantheon is a temple of all gods.

Daylight. D-8.5 m. Niches. Lightened the dome. The height of the dome is 43 m. The walls are lined with marble. The bricks of the dome were held together with pumice cement

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Domus - home of a wealthy Roman

Cabinet. Living rooms. Sloping roof - Atria. Atrium-heated guest room. Premises for rent Dining room-triclinium.

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Insula city buildings.

Public toilets. Taverns. Rooms for the nobility. Rich people's rooms. Rooms of the poor. Garbage and slop were thrown into the street

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2. CITY BUILDINGS.

In cold weather, houses were heated. The Romans were the first to come up with a central heating system. During construction, special fireplaces were installed on the lower floor.

Warm air heated the floor and pipes specially made in the walls of the building. The heated stone retained heat for a very long time.

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3. PUBLIC BATH. In the 3rd century in Rome there were 1000 private and 11 public baths .One of the most beautiful buildings

the cities were considered the THERMES (baths) of Emperor Caracalla. Baths of Caracalla.

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At the entrance there were locker rooms with lockers for storing clothes.

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Slide captions:

The three-span Arch of Constantine, built in 315 and dedicated to the victory of Constantine. This is the only arch in Rome built in honor of victory not over an external enemy, but in civil war. The arch is 21 m high, 25.7 m wide and 7.4 m deep. The main part of the monument is made of marble blocks.

Colosseum (from Latin colosseus - huge, colossal) The construction of the largest amphitheater in the entire ancient world, with a capacity of over 50 thousand people, was carried out over eight years as a collective construction of the emperors of the Flavian dynasty. It began to be built in 72 AD. e. For a long time, the Colosseum was for the residents of Rome and visitors the main place for entertainment spectacles, such as gladiator fights, animal persecution, and naval battles.

The Pantheon is the “temple of all gods” in Rome, a monument to the centric-dome architecture of Ancient Rome. Built in 126 AD. e.

domus (lat. domus) - a mansion house of one kind.

Insula is a multi-storey residential building with rooms and apartments intended for rent. Appeared no earlier than the 3rd century BC. e..The upper floors were occupied mainly by the poor, while the wealthier segments of the population rented apartments on the first floors. Most apartments were unheated and poorly lit. With the exception of some of the first floors, there was no water supply or sewerage system.

Thermal baths - antique baths; In Rome, baths arose according to the Greek model and became centers of public life. Roman architects developed an efficient central heating system with heated floors and walls. In the baths, water and air were heated using a furnace, which was then circulated under the floor and in the wall cavities. Double coatings were used to prevent the floor from being very hot. Inside, the walls of the baths were decorated with marble or plastered.

The Great Circus is the largest hippodrome. Situated in a valley between hills. 12 chariots could simultaneously take part in competitions at the hippodrome.

ru. wikipedia.org

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Sections: History and social studies

Class: 5

Lesson objectives:

• To form an idea of ​​the appearance of Ancient Rome, which went down in the history of world culture, to promote familiarity with the life and way of life of various layers of the Romans.
• Strengthen the ability to assimilate new material during gaming activities; classify information; develop the ability to solve creative problems - compose a story based on a drawing;
• develop the ability to draw conclusions from the material studied.

To promote the formation of a respectful attitude towards people of other cultures and lifestyles, a willingness to dialogue with them and achieve mutual understanding.

• Educational and methodological support for the lesson: General history. Story Ancient world
• . 5th grade: textbook for educational institutions / A.A. Vigasin, G.I. Goder, I.S. Sventsitskaya; edited by A.A.

Iskenderova. – M.: Education, 2012.

Presentation “The Eternal City and its inhabitants.”

(Annex 1). Lesson Plan

(Annex 1). I. Stage of updating knowledge and motivating cognitive activity.

• Teacher
• greets students and announces the topic of the lesson. (Slide 1)

: The topic of our lesson is “The Eternal City and its inhabitants,” let’s write it down. Which city and why is it called “eternal”?

(Annex 1). What attitude of the Romans does this name reflect?

: The topic of our lesson is “The Eternal City and its inhabitants,” let’s write it down. Students

(Annex 1). They guess that it will be about Rome. They explain that the Romans believed in the eternal existence of Rome, loved, admired and revered their city.

(Annex 1).: today we will actually talk about the city of Rome itself. What is important and interesting for us to know about him? What are the objectives of the lesson?

1. formulate the objectives of the lesson. The teacher corrects them. (Slide 2)
2. : An interesting trip to the city of Rome awaits us. Let's prepare for it by remembering some important things about Rome.
3. asks questions, students answer. (Slide 3)
4. On which peninsula and on the banks of which river is Rome located?
5. Who founded Rome and when?
6. How many hills is the city located on? Name the main hills.

(Annex 1). Who were called coloni in the Roman state?

Who in the Roman state were called “slaves with huts”? Why did their labor begin to be used instead of the labor of slaves? Who and why did the Romans consider the best of the emperors?

: So, we are ready to get acquainted with Rome of the 2nd century AD! I

(Annex 1). I. Learning new material

: The topic of our lesson is “The Eternal City and its inhabitants,” let’s write it down. Sights of Rome

(Annex 1).: So, what sights of Rome did we see? We name and write them all together.

: The topic of our lesson is “The Eternal City and its inhabitants,” let’s write it down.: triumphal arch, Trajan's column, Colosseum, Pantheon, statue of Emperor Marcus Aurelius, Circus Maximus, aqueduct. (Slide 17)

(Annex 1).: Let's get to know these cultural monuments better.

Pantheon.

(Annex 1).: The name “Pantheon” means “temple of all gods.” (Slide 18)

Whose temples does it resemble?

: The topic of our lesson is “The Eternal City and its inhabitants,” let’s write it down.: The Pantheon is similar to ancient Greek temples.

(Annex 1).: Indeed, the Romans borrowed the architectural traditions of Greece.

What's new in the look of the Pantheon?

: The topic of our lesson is “The Eternal City and its inhabitants,” let’s write it down.: new detail - hemispherical roof.

(Annex 1). explains, students write down that a hemisphere-shaped roof is a dome.

The diameter of the Pantheon dome is more than 43 meters!

What material was invented that allowed the Romans to build such a large dome?

: The topic of our lesson is “The Eternal City and its inhabitants,” let’s write it down.:invention of concrete.

(Annex 1).: Those who enter the temple are struck by the luxurious decoration of the huge hall and incredible lighting. Light pours from a nine-meter hole located in the center of the dome - the so-called “Eye of the Pantheon”. (Slide 19)

Coliseum.(Slide 20)

(Annex 1).: What is the name of a building of this shape?

: The topic of our lesson is “The Eternal City and its inhabitants,” let’s write it down.: amphitheater.

(Annex 1).: what is it built for? Why is it impressive?

Its huge size is impressive; it can accommodate about 50 thousand spectators; We look at the layout of the building.

Great Circus.(Slide 21)

(Annex 1).: The Great Circus is a hippodrome. Remember what the hippodrome is for?

: The topic of our lesson is “The Eternal City and its inhabitants,” let’s write it down.: for horse racing.

(Annex 1).: Horse racing is one of the favorite pastimes of the Romans.

Triumphal Arch. Trajan's Column.(Slide 22)

(Annex 1).: in honor of what did the Romans build such structures?

: The topic of our lesson is “The Eternal City and its inhabitants,” let’s write it down.: the Romans built triumphal arches and columns in honor of their victories, for triumphal processions of commanders.

(Annex 1).: in honor of what was Trajan's Column erected?

: The topic of our lesson is “The Eternal City and its inhabitants,” let’s write it down.: Trajan's Column was built in honor of the victory of Emperor Trajan over the Dacians and is decorated with a relief about the war with them.

Statue of Marcus Aurelius.(Slide 23)

(Annex 1).: Do you remember the Greeks’ equestrian statues?

: The topic of our lesson is “The Eternal City and its inhabitants,” let’s write it down. give a negative answer.

(Annex 1).: Equestrian statues are an innovation in Roman sculpture.

Aqueduct.(Slide 24)

(Annex 1).: remember what kind of building this is?

: The topic of our lesson is “The Eternal City and its inhabitants,” let’s write it down.: water supply structure.

(Annex 1).: So, why did Ancient Rome evoke pride and admiration among its citizens?

: The topic of our lesson is “The Eternal City and its inhabitants,” let’s write it down.: Rome delighted me with its beauty and majestic buildings.

(Annex 1).: You and I now know Ancient Rome quite well. Let's help a visitor from distant Sicily. He is completely confused in the big city and does not know what interesting things can be seen in Rome. Give him advice on where to go in Rome and what to see there.

: The topic of our lesson is “The Eternal City and its inhabitants,” let’s write it down. advise:

• Go to the Colosseum to see gladiator fights.
• Go to the Circus Maximus to see the horse racing.
• Go to the Pantheon to pray to all the gods and admire the huge dome.
• Go to the Forum and see Trajan's Column to admire the relief depicting the conquest of the Dacians.
• Go to the Arc de Triomphe to see the solemn procession of the victorious commander.

(Annex 1).: Why do you think a visitor should go to the imperial palace?

: The topic of our lesson is “The Eternal City and its inhabitants,” let’s write it down. make suggestions: admire the beauty of the palace, file a complaint, ask for a lucrative position.

(Annex 1).: Why did Rome attract thousands of Italians?

: The topic of our lesson is “The Eternal City and its inhabitants,” let’s write it down.: the city attracted many people with its attractions, career opportunities, and various entertainments.

1. How rich and poor Romans lived(Slide 26).

(Annex 1).: in Rome there lived people of different incomes: rich and poor. Scientists have studied and made descriptions of their homes, but here’s the problem: the characteristics of the homes are mixed up. Let's restore what the houses of rich and poor Romans looked like. Arrange the cards in two columns: on the left are those that describe the houses of rich people, on the right are those that describe the poor. To complete the task, you can look at the textbook (pp. 279-282, paragraphs 2-3).

: The topic of our lesson is “The Eternal City and its inhabitants,” let’s write it down. work with handouts (cards on each desk), distinguish two groups of characteristics.

The dwelling of a rich Roman: located on a hill, an atrium-front room with a hole in the center of the roof and a pool under it; courtyard garden, many flowers; porticos; fountains; separate quarters for slaves; several bedrooms; several canteens; owner's office; stove heating.

2. Home of a poor Roman:

Five-six-story building (insula); located in a lowland; a closet under a tiled roof; no kitchen; heating using braziers with charcoal; slop pours out of the windows; no running water; windows without glass are closed with shutters; no trees or flower beds; food is cooked on a frying pan.

(Annex 1). checks the assignment.

: The topic of our lesson is “The Eternal City and its inhabitants,” let’s write it down. read the answers. (Slide 27)

(Annex 1). asks those who have no mistakes to raise their hands.

(Annex 1). asks to write down the definitions of new words encountered while completing the task. (Slide 28)

• Atrium - a formal room with a hole in the roof and a pool below it.
• Insula is a multi-storey residential building in Ancient Rome.

(Annex 1).: compare and draw conclusions about how rich and poor Romans lived. (Slide 29)

: The topic of our lesson is “The Eternal City and its inhabitants,” let’s write it down.: Rich Romans lived in a well-appointed, luxurious house, while the poor lived in multi-story, cramped houses lacking basic amenities.

Physical education minute.(Slide 30)

Hands in front of you, wrist rotation.
Hands clasped in front of you.
Hands in front of you and up, stretched.
Tilts with a raised and bent arm above your head to the left, to the right.
Hands on the belt, turns.

3. How the Romans rested(Slide 31)

(Annex 1).: How did the Romans spend their free time? What entertainments of the Romans do you know about?

: The topic of our lesson is “The Eternal City and its inhabitants,” let’s write it down. they remember gladiator fights and horse racing. (Slide 31)

(Annex 1). shows a drawing and photographs of the baths and asks you to think about why the Romans came here. (Slide 32)

(Annex 1).: Thermae are Roman baths. There were about a thousand public baths in Rome. After the sweltering heat of the day, going to the thermal baths was both a necessity and a pleasure. The most luxurious were the imperial baths. Thus, the Romans spent their free time in the baths.

(Annex 1).: our textbook can only show us pictures of the past, but we have the power to “revive” these pictures. I suggest that one part of the class “revive” the drawing in the textbook “In the Imperial Baths” (p. 282), the other part of the class – the drawing “The Great Circus in Rome” (p. 283). Imagine that you went to the thermal baths or the Great Circus, tell us what you will see there, what you will do, who you will meet, describe the appearance of the building. For clarification, you can look at the textbook (clause 4 or clause 5, second paragraph). (Slide 33)

: The topic of our lesson is “The Eternal City and its inhabitants,” let’s write it down. make up stories based on the drawings and perform with them. Others complement them. (Slides 34-35)

(Annex 1).: If you were in the baths or at the races, what would you talk about with the Romans? Could you become friends with any of them?

: The topic of our lesson is “The Eternal City and its inhabitants,” let’s write it down. They imagine what they would talk about with the Romans and realize that they are ready to make friends with them.

(Annex 1).: So, where did the Romans spend their free time?

: The topic of our lesson is “The Eternal City and its inhabitants,” let’s write it down.: the Romans spent their free time in baths, chariot races, and gladiator fights.

(Annex 1).: What human qualities can be evidenced by the Romans’ passion for gladiatorial fights and chariot competitions?

: The topic of our lesson is “The Eternal City and its inhabitants,” let’s write it down.: the Romans showed harshness, contempt for human life, coarse tastes, and gambling.

(Annex 1).: Roman emperors considered it necessary to organize free spectacles and distribute free bread to the Roman poor (“bread and circuses”). Why do you think the emperors did this? (Slide 36)

: The topic of our lesson is “The Eternal City and its inhabitants,” let’s write it down.: to appease the people, so that they support the emperor, so that there are no uprisings.

(Annex 1).: Why do you think the poor expected free bread from the emperor, and did not earn it themselves?

: The topic of our lesson is “The Eternal City and its inhabitants,” let’s write it down. make assumptions, the teacher corrects them as necessary: ​​firstly, it was difficult to find work in Rome. Secondly, the poor did not strive to work, because work was considered the lot of slaves and the Romans treated work with contempt. Thus, slavery made life easier for the Romans, but spoiled their morals.

III. The final stage

(Annex 1).: So, today we have learned a lot about Ancient Rome and its inhabitants. Draw a conclusion about what Ancient Rome was like, select epithets. (Slide 37)

: The topic of our lesson is “The Eternal City and its inhabitants,” let’s write it down.: Ancient Rome is a beautiful, majestic, stunning, noisy, full of entertainment, diverse city.

Consolidation

(Annex 1).: Let's test our knowledge. Tell me if the following statements are true:

1. Rome was one of the most beautiful cities antiquity (yes).
2. The Romans loved to watch gladiator fights in the Pantheon (no).
3. The Colosseum is the largest amphitheater in the Ancient World (yes).
4. The Romans went to the Circus Maximus to watch horse racing (yes).
5. Wealthy Romans lived in multi-story insula houses (no).
6. The poor people's closets had no kitchen, no stove, no running water (duh).
7. The Baths are a Roman theater (no).
8. The Roman poor demanded “bread and circuses” from the emperor (yes).

Reflection. Summing up the lesson.

(Annex 1). asks questions, students answer:

• What interesting things have you learned about yourself?
• What important things did you learn in the lesson?
• How many of you are satisfied with your work in class?

(Annex 1). thanks students for their work and reports homework:

• retell paragraph 58;
• prepare a written report about one of the attractions of Rome. (Slide 38)

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In the 2nd century. in Rome, farmers were transferred CHOOSE THE CORRECT ANSWER. Trajan condemned Trojan conquered The Romans invented For rent On free lands In the provinces Criminals Informers bribe takers Cement Concrete Whitewashing. Dacia Parthia Syria

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LESSON PLAN. 1. ROME - THE “HEART” OF THE EMPIRE. 2. CITY BUILDINGS. 3. PUBLIC BATH. 4. “BREAD AND SCENE.”

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ASSIGNMENT FOR LESSON? Residents from all Roman provinces tried to move to Rome. What do you think attracted them to the “Eternal City”?

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1. ROME - THE “HEART” OF THE EMPIRE. In Rome there was a huge number of buildings designed to emphasize the power of the empire. At many forums of the city, triumphal arches were installed in honor of victories over enemies Arc de Triomphe

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1. ROME - THE “HEART” OF THE EMPIRE. Columns were built at many Forums to glorify emperors. On the column itself there were bas-reliefs with scenes of the life of the emperors, and the columns were crowned with multi-meter statues of the emperors.

Slide 7

1. ROME - THE “HEART” OF THE EMPIRE. The symbol of the city was the Colosseum building, intended for organizing spectacles and holding performances. It accommodated about 50 thousand spectators. The Colosseum in Rome.

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The Pantheon is a temple of all gods. Daylight. D-8.5 m. Niches. Lightened the dome. The height of the dome is 43 m. The walls are lined with marble. The bricks of the dome were held together with pumice cement

Slide 9

Domus is the home of a wealthy Roman. Cabinet. Living rooms. Sloping roof - Atria. Atrium-heated guest room. Premises for rent Dining room-triclinium.

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Insula city buildings. Public toilets. Taverns. Rooms for the nobility. Rich people's rooms. Rooms of the poor. Garbage and slop were thrown into the street

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2. CITY BUILDINGS. In cold weather, houses were heated. The Romans were the first to come up with a central heating system. During construction, special fireplaces were installed on the lower floor. Warm air heated the floor and pipes specially made in the walls of the building. The heated stone retained heat for a very long time.

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3. PUBLIC BATH. In the 3rd century in Rome there were 1000 private and 11 public baths. One of the most beautiful buildings in the city was considered the TERMS (baths) of Emperor Caracalla. Baths of Caracalla.