Flights in extreme conditions.

The first flight of the L-410 was made on April 16, 1969. The main customer of the aircraft was the Soviet Union. In addition, the L-410 was also supplied to Bulgaria, Brazil, Hungary, East Germany, Libya, and Poland. Despite the fact that the plant is located in the Czech Republic, it considers itself part of the Russian aviation industry: the foundations for this were laid during its development and during its long history of operation. As of 2012, more than 400 L-410 aircraft are in operation around the world.

The company produces aircraft through a full production cycle - yes own lines surface treatment of materials, paint and varnish production, machine shop, assembly shops, design office and airport.

The plant's production capacity is 16-18 new aircraft per year. About 80% of aircraft are supplied to Russia. Over the past four years, 35 aircraft have been delivered to Russia.

Production of parts on a CNC milling center from the French company Creneau:

Cleaning parts before molding:

Punching Press:

Manufacturing of the wing spar on a 5-axis CNC milling center. Russian-made duralumin is used in production. The total share of components from Russia in the L-410 aircraft is about 15% - this is a legacy of the fact that the aircraft was developed by order of the USSR and with the participation of Soviet designers.

Assembly of the front wing:

Checking the quality of riveting on an airplane wing:

One L-410 aircraft uses about 185,000 rivets different types and sizes:

Riveting work in the middle part of the fuselage:

Installation of floor panels:

Production of the rear fuselage:

Production of air intake parts for the CASA CN-235 aircraft within the framework of industrial cooperation.
The plant also cooperates with Boeing for the Boeing 787 aircraft.

Aircraft Assembly Conveyor L-410 UVP-E20. Located in one of the newest buildings of the plant, originally designed for the production of L-610. In one half of the building there are two production lines for new L-410 aircraft, in the second half there is a service workshop for aircraft coming out of service:

There are about 10 aircraft in the assembly shop at the same time. The fuselage, wing, end tanks and tail unit come to the beginning of the line from the paint shop. At the end of the line are aircraft undergoing flight tests and preparing for delivery to customers. Over the entire history of its existence, the plant has produced over 1,150 aircraft of the L-410 family. More than 850 of them were delivered to operators in the USSR.

The process of finishing the aircraft luggage compartment in the nose after completing the installation of electrical equipment:

Emergency exit door assembly:

The nose of the aircraft with serial number 2915. The weather radar antenna is visible. Bow luggage compartment doors open:

Installation of avionics in the cockpit. Avionics traditionally include devices from Russian manufacturers:

Installation of electrical equipment in the aircraft cabin:

Installation of electrical wiring harnesses:

Young people in production are not uncommon, also due to the presence of its own vocational technical school on the territory of the plant. The average age of the company's employees is 44 years:

Work on the GE H-80 engine, carried out by a company representative from Prague:

The total duration of the aircraft production cycle from the production of the first fuselage components to the end of flight testing takes just under a year.

Cockpit of the L-410 UVP-E20 aircraft. The aircraft is fully equipped for instrument flight and has an advanced Ground Proximity Warning System (GPWS) and TCAS II. The L 410 is designed in the metric system (rather than inches), which is an exception in Western aviation:

This type of aircraft has been used for many years as a graduation aircraft for training pilots at the Sasovo Flight School civil aviation(Ryazan region).

Pre-flight preparation. Stanislav Sklenarzh - chief test pilot of the plant:

Under the wing of an airplane, a view of the river. Morava and the town of Uhersky Ostrog:

Aircraft L-410 UVP-E20 for French Guiana. Airplanes for exotic countries often have bright, memorable colors:

Leaving with a turn. Practical ceiling - 8,000 meters:

Approach to the runway. The L-410 aircraft can land both on a paved runway and on grass, soil and snow. UVP in the name of the aircraft means the Russian abbreviation “Shortened Takeoff and Landing,” which also recalls the Russian roots of the aircraft:

Castle Novy Svetlov (1480), Bojkowice:

Medieval gothic castle Buchlov (XIII century) is located 10 km from Kunowice. Buchlov Castle is one of the most beautiful castles in South Moravia- south-eastern region of the Czech Republic:

Velehrad Monastery (XIII century) is one of the main pilgrimage churches in the Czech Republic. In 863 - 866 Christian saints Cyril and Methodius lived and preached in the city of Velegrad:

A prototype of the L-610M aircraft in Staroe Mesto, installed for viewing at the entrance to the city:

Main operators CMEA countries Options L-410UVP

A universal aircraft for local airlines (ALL), which replaced the An-2. The first foreign-made aircraft to fly onto domestic air routes. Other names: L-410, Let, Let L-410, Turbolet, Cheburashka.

Description

Development of the aircraft began in 1966. The first prototype aircraft, equipped with the Pratt-Whitney Canada RT6A-27 (2 x 715 hp) theater, began flight tests on April 16, 1969. Regular operation of the L-410A aircraft at the end of 1971 was the first opened the Czechoslovak airline "Slov Air" from Bratislava, serving local airlines- by the beginning of 1974, it received 12 aircraft. A total of 31 aircraft were built. Five L-410A aircraft (production No. 720103-06 and No. 720201) with RT 6A-27 engines, built by the end of 1972 under the designation L-410AS, were transferred to the USSR the following year. The planes were received by Soviet registration numbers from USSR-67251 to USSR-67255. The first of them was brought to the airfield of the State Research Institute of Civil Aviation by Czech test pilot Frantisek Svinka. The people at the airport immediately called the handsome newcomer “Cheburashka.” In 1973, flight tests of the L-410M aircraft, equipped with Czech Walter M 601A theater engines, began. L-410M became the second serial modification of the Turbolet. In total, by the end of 1978, 100 L-410M/MU aircraft were received for the USSR Ministry of Civil Aviation.

In 1979, production began of an improved modification L-410UVP, which became the main production model. This aircraft differed from previous versions by its elongated fuselage, increased dimensions of the wing and vertical tail, the use of spoilers and the installation of a Walter M 601 V turboprop engine (2 x 730 hp). This aircraft passed the certification program in the USSR and was accepted into operation by Aeroflot. Further development became the L-410UVP-E version with more powerful M 601 E theater engines. The first flight of this aircraft took place on December 30, 1984. It is distinguished by improved takeoff and landing characteristics and reduced noise levels in the cabin. In March 1986 it was certified in the USSR. A modification of the L-420 has been developed with more powerful M601 F theater engines (2 x 778 hp), increased take-off weight (6.8 tons) and improved flight characteristics (flight tests of the aircraft began in November 1993).

Since 1969, 1,104 L-410s of various modifications were built, 862 of which ended up in the Soviet Union. By the beginning of 1992, there were about 750 L-410 aircraft left in the USSR.

Modifications

L-410UVP Short-haul passenger aircraft, a modification of the L-410 aircraft, in which the takeoff and landing distance is reduced. The abbreviation "UVP" means "short take-off and landing". The first launch took place in 1976. Produced by the Czechoslovak company "Let". The aircraft is equipped with a conventional avionics complex of joint Soviet-Czechoslovak production. This aircraft differs from previous versions by an elongated fuselage, increased wing and vertical tail dimensions, the use of spoilers and a more powerful engine.

Specifications

Modification	L-410	L-410UVP
Wingspan, m	19,48	19,98
Aircraft length, m	14,424	14,42
Aircraft height, m	5,83	5,83
Wing area, m²	35,18	34,86
Empty aircraft weight, kg	3800	4180
Maximum take-off weight, kg	5800	6600
Internal fuel, l	1300	1290-1690 (can be increased by 400 l by installing fuel tanks at the ends of the wing)
engine's type	2× TVD Motorlet (Walter) M 601E
Power, hp	2 x 750
Diameter of five-blade propellers, m	2,3
Maximum speed, km/h	457	457
Cruising speed, km/h	380	380
Practical range, km	1380	680
Range, km	546
Practical ceiling, m	6320	6460
Crew, people	2	2
17-19 passengers or 18 paratroopers or 6 stretchers and 6 seated wounded with an accompanying person or 1615 kg of cargo	19 passengers or 1710 kg of cargo

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The first flight of the L-410 was made on April 16, 1969. The main customer of the aircraft was the Soviet Union. In addition, the L-410 was also supplied to Bulgaria, Brazil, Hungary, East Germany, Libya, and Poland. Despite the fact that the plant is located in the Czech Republic, it considers itself part of the Russian aviation industry: the foundations for this were laid during its development and during its long-term operation. As of 2012, more than 400 L-410 aircraft are in operation around the world.

The company produces aircraft through a full production cycle - it has its own lines for surface treatment of materials, paint and varnish production, a machine shop, assembly shops, a design bureau and an airport.

L-410 fuselage parts production workshop. The enterprise is expanding and modernizing production - light green equipment is intended for the production of a new generation of the L-410 NG (New Generation) aircraft.
The plant's production capacity is 16-18 new aircraft per year. About 80% of aircraft are supplied to Russia. Over the past four years, 35 aircraft have been delivered to Russia.

Production of parts on a CNC milling center from the French company Creneau:

Cleaning parts before molding:

Punching Press:

Assembly of the front wing:

Checking the quality of riveting on an airplane wing:

One L-410 aircraft uses about 185,000 rivets of different types and sizes:

Riveting work in the middle part of the fuselage:

Installation of floor panels:

Production of the rear fuselage:

Production of air intake parts for the CASA CN-235 aircraft within the framework of industrial cooperation.
The plant also cooperates with Boeing for the Boeing 787 aircraft.

Assembly conveyor for L-410 UVP-E20 aircraft. Located in one of the newest buildings of the plant, originally designed for the production of L-610. In one half of the building there are two production lines for new L-410 aircraft, in the second half there is a service workshop for aircraft coming out of service:

The process of finishing the aircraft luggage compartment in the nose after completing the installation of electrical equipment:

Emergency exit door assembly:

The nose of the aircraft with serial number 2915. The weather radar antenna is visible. Bow luggage compartment doors open:

Installation of avionics in the cockpit. Avionics traditionally include devices from Russian manufacturers:

Installation of electrical equipment in the aircraft cabin:

Installation of electrical wiring harnesses:

Young people in production are not uncommon, also due to the presence of its own vocational technical school on the territory of the plant. The average age of the company's employees is 44 years:

Work on the GE H-80 engine, carried out by a company representative from Prague:

The total duration of the aircraft production cycle from the production of the first fuselage components to the end of flight testing takes just under a year.

This type of aircraft has been used for many years as a graduation aircraft for training pilots at the Sasovo Flight School of Civil Aviation (Ryazan region).

L-410 UVP-E20 is a universal twin-engine aircraft of Czech production for local airlines, accommodating 19 passengers. Designed for operation on unprepared dirt, grass, snow areas, as well as on airfields with short runways (about 600-700 meters), which, in fact, makes it an aircraft in the “off-road” category. The first flight of the L-410 was made on April 16, 1969. The main customer of the aircraft was the Soviet Union. In addition, the L-410 was also supplied to Bulgaria, Brazil, Hungary, East Germany, Libya, and Poland. Despite the fact that the plant is located in the Czech Republic, it considers itself part of the Russian aviation industry: the foundations for this were laid during its development and during its long history of operation. As of 2012, more than 400 L-410 aircraft are in operation around the world.

Production site of Aircraft Industries in Kunovice, Czech Republic.
The Aircraft Industries plant, better known under the Let Kunovice brand, is located 300 km from Prague. The plant employs 920 people.
The company produces aircraft through a full production cycle - it has its own lines for surface treatment of materials, paint and varnish production, a machine shop, assembly shops, a design bureau and an airport.

L-410 fuselage parts production workshop. The enterprise is expanding and modernizing production - light green equipment is intended for the production of a new generation of the L-410 NG (New Generation) aircraft.
The plant's production capacity is 16-18 new aircraft per year.
About 80% of aircraft are supplied to Russia. Over the past four years, 35 aircraft have been delivered to Russia.

Production of parts on a CNC milling center from the French company Creneau.

Cleaning parts before molding

Forming a part on a press

Punching press

Design documentation - interceptor drawing

Manufacturing of the wing spar on a 5-axis CNC milling center.
The production uses Russian duralumin produced by OJSC Kamensk-Ural Metallurgical Plant. The total share of components from Russia in the L-410 aircraft is about 15% - this is a legacy of the fact that the aircraft was developed by order of the USSR and with the participation of Soviet designers.

Wing panel production

Assembly of the front wing

Checking the quality of riveting on an airplane wing

One L-410 aircraft uses about 185,000 rivets of different types and sizes

Riveting work in the middle part of the fuselage

Installation of floor panels

Production of the rear fuselage

Production of engine air intake parts

Production of air intake parts for the CASA CN-235 aircraft within the framework of industrial cooperation.
The plant also cooperates with Boeing for the Boeing 787 aircraft.

Assembly conveyor for L-410 UVP-E20 aircraft. Located in one of the newest buildings of the plant, originally designed for the production of L-610.
In one half of the building there are two production lines for new L-410 aircraft, in the second half there is a service workshop for aircraft coming out of service.

There are about 10 aircraft in the assembly shop at the same time. The fuselage, wing, end tanks and tail unit come to the beginning of the line from the paint shop.
At the end of the line are aircraft undergoing flight tests and preparing for delivery to customers.
Over the entire history of its existence, the plant has produced over 1,150 aircraft of the L-410 family.
More than 850 of them were delivered to operators in the USSR.

The process of finishing the luggage compartment of an aircraft in the nose after completing the installation of electrical equipment

Emergency exit door assembly

The nose of the aircraft with serial number 2915. The weather radar antenna is visible.
The forward luggage compartment doors are open.

Installation of avionics in the cockpit. Avionics traditionally include devices from Russian manufacturers

Installation of electrical equipment in the aircraft cabin

Installing Wiring Harnesses

Installation of electrical wires on an aircraft wing in the area of the engine nacelle

Five-blade AV-725 propellers (Avia Propeller) together with a GE H80-200 engine make up the new power plant for the L-410 UVP-E20 aircraft. It has been installed on all new aircraft since January 2013 and is certified by EASA and the Russian AR MAK.
Young people in production are not uncommon, also due to the presence of its own vocational technical school on the territory of the plant.
The average age of the company's employees is 44 years.

Work on the GE H-80 engine, carried out by a representative of GE Aviation Czech, Prague (former Walter plant).

The final installation stage takes about 5 months - this is the most expensive part of production, as within its framework, engines, landing gear and all avionics are installed on the aircraft, where each individual unit can cost 100-250 thousand Euros.
The total duration of the aircraft production cycle from the production of the first fuselage components to the end of flight testing takes just under a year.

Cockpit of the L-410 UVP-E20 aircraft.
The aircraft is fully equipped for instrument flights and has an advanced ground proximity warning system (EGPWS) and TCAS II. The L 410 is designed in the metric system (rather than inches), which is an exception in Western aviation.

This type of aircraft has been used for many years as a graduation aircraft for training pilots at the Sasovo Flight School of Civil Aviation (Ryazan region).

Pre-flight preparation. Stanislav Sklenarz is the chief test pilot of the plant.

Under the wing of an airplane, a view of the river. Morava and the town of Uhersky Ostrog

Aircraft L-410 UVP-E20 for French Guiana.
Airplanes for exotic countries often have bright, memorable colors.

Leaving with a turn
Practical ceiling - 8000 meters

Approaching the runway.
The L-410 aircraft can land both on a paved runway and on grass, soil and snow. UVP in the name of the aircraft means the Russian abbreviation “Shortened Takeoff and Landing,” which also recalls the Russian roots of the aircraft.

Castle Novy Svetlov (1480), Bojkowice.

The medieval Gothic castle Buchlov (13th century) is located 10 km from Kunowice.
Buchlov Castle is one of the most beautiful castles in South Moravia – the south-eastern region of the Czech Republic.

Velehrad Monastery (XIII century) is one of the main pilgrimage churches in the Czech Republic.
In 863 - 866 Christian saints Cyril and Methodius lived and preached in Velehrad.

A prototype of the L-610M aircraft in Staroe Mesto, installed for viewing at the entrance to the city.

For any questions regarding the use of photographs, please email.

L-410 (photos below) is one of the passenger aircraft models developed by the Czechoslovak company Let. The airliner is designed to transport people, cargo and mail over short distances. In its category it surpasses many analogues in a number of indicators and is considered one of the best.

Short story

Design work under the name L-410 began in 1966 in the Czechoslovak city of Kunovice. Three years later, an experimental model of the model took to the skies. Then it was equipped with Pratt & Whitney PT6A-27 engines. Over the next few years, the designers significantly modified and improved the aircraft. The key innovation was the new Czech Walter M601 engines, which were developed specifically for it at the aircraft plant in 1973. Later, the company's engineers created a number of modifications of the L-410 aircraft. The model quickly became popular, and individual copies of it appeared on all continents.

In the early nineties of the last century, a real crisis began for the enterprise: there were practically no orders for new aircraft. The situation changed dramatically only in 2008, when 51 percent of its shares were acquired Russian company"UMMC" (five years later it bought the remaining part). The new owners of the plant managed to significantly expand the portfolio of orders and make the model truly in demand on the market. As a result, during this time several dozen aircraft from the line were built and sold to various customers from Ukraine, Brazil, Bulgaria and Slovakia. A significant share of them went to domestic consumers.

Now in the world there are just over 400 aircraft of this line of various modifications. According to expert estimates, for the Russian market alone the demand for these airliners today is about one hundred copies. Work on modernizing the model is not ending at the present time. As for the cost of the L-410, the price of the aircraft starts at 2.4 million euros.

General description and characteristics

It is based on the aerodynamic design of a cantilever high-wing aircraft. The model has a semi-monocoque round fuselage and an all-metal structure. The aircraft is equipped with a three-wheel retractable landing gear with a nose gear. As for the wings, they are straight and trapezoidal in plan. The model is assembled by a Czech company using a full cycle. In other words, there are lines for the production and assembly of all elements and assemblies, from surface treatment of materials to testing at our own airport.

The production version of the airliner, which is very popular these days, is equipped with two GE H80-200 turboprop power plants. The maximum flight range of the model is just over 1.5 thousand kilometers, while the longest flight duration is about five hours. The aircraft is capable of simultaneously carrying 19 passengers on board, excluding crew members.

Key Benefits

Now a few words about the main advantages that the Let L-410 airliner boasts. Reviews from experts in this field indicate that the main one can be called the lowest operating costs in the entire category. In addition, the aircraft is reliable and durable even in extreme conditions. The model’s engines are distinguished by unique traction characteristics that are maintained at fairly low pressure and high temperature. Among other things, this aircraft has the most spacious cabin in its category, a spacious luggage compartment and excellent safety parameters, which provides passengers with a high level of comfort. It should also be noted that the equipment used here is very variable for installing additional options. Thanks to its unique landing gear, the vessel is able to take off and land even on short, grassy and wet strips.

Exploitation

Currently, the L-410 model is successfully operated in more than fifty countries located on five continents. During the entire production of the aircraft, a total of about 1,100 copies were assembled. It is most popular in the countries of the former Soviet Union. As of today, the Czech aircraft plant produces the UVP E20 modification, which is considered the most modern and advanced in the line.

Often, Let L-410 aircraft are operated by airlines that provide air taxi services. In addition, the model is very popular in many world government agencies. It should also be noted that the manufacturing plant always provides its customers with all the necessary service support in a timely manner. The aircraft is also available in amphibious, ambulatory, medical, cargo and executive versions.

The L-410's cabin volume is 632 cubic feet. Thanks to this, even in his standard version Passengers are provided with a fairly high level of comfort. At the same time, one cannot help but note the fact that often its interior is modified and additionally equipped for the purpose of further use in the form of a corporate or private aircraft, where there is everything necessary for rest and work.

Flying in extreme conditions

As noted above, the L-410 aircraft can be operated quite successfully and safely even in difficult weather conditions. According to the technical data sheet, this airliner is designed to operate at temperatures from -50 to +50 degrees. Thus, thanks to its unique design and heavy-duty fuselage, the model is actively used both in the scorching heat of African and Latin American deserts, and in the coldest corners of the planet.

Certification

The L-410 aircraft has been certified and received the appropriate type certificates in many countries, including the Czech Republic, Russia, Germany, Argentina, the Philippines, Australia, Brazil and others. After the European Aviation Safety Agency was established, the model received an EASA certificate, which applies to everything. In addition, the operation of this aircraft is permitted in many other countries on the planet.

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