Majestic apartments. What is the difference between an apartment and an apartment? Difference between apartment and apartment

Residential market and commercial real estate incredibly vast. When offering housing properties, realtors often call an apartment an apartment. This term becomes a kind of symbol of success, luxury, independence and wealth.

But are these concepts the same - apartment and apartment? Even the most superficial glance will determine that these are completely different things. Let's look at the difference between apartments and apartments. Let us determine how significant these differences are and why these concepts should be clearly distinguished.

What is an apartment?

The following definition is generally accepted. An apartment is a type of separate real estate used both for permanent residence and for rental. It has a separate entrance and is fully adapted for normal life: there are all necessary communications, heating, water supply, sewerage. Apartments are not the same, they differ from each other in their different location in the city, area, type of structure of a residential building, its number of floors and many other parameters. But, despite all the differences, apartments make up one specific segment - residential real estate, or housing stock.

There are enough offers for the sale of apartments on the domestic real estate market: this includes secondary housing. Apartments for sale may be excellently renovated, but are usually not furnished.

Apartments: what is it?

Apartments equipped with modern communications, excellent furniture and located in hotel complexes are called apartments. This is luxury real estate increased comfort, used for temporary residence of wealthy guests. The main characteristics of such a facility are modern stylish design and full provision of household and technical communications. Accommodation in apartments is possible only on a temporary basis.

In other words, apartments are non-permanent housing, identical to a hotel room. And just like in a classic hotel room, an indispensable attribute of staying in it is full service at a time convenient for guests, including the full range of cleaning work, changing linen, providing parking spaces, specialized security services, and other infrastructure facilities.

This one is quite popular in resort areas and megacities. Often wealthy citizens buy apartments in close proximity from work to save time. Comfortable complexes, so-called apart-hotels, are being built fairly close to the sea or the business center of the city.

The potential buyer is offered various types of apartments, the most common of which are one-bedroom and Western “studio” options, in which the living room is combined with a kitchen. However, the market sells apartments with 2 and 3 bedrooms, as well as multi-level premises. The difference between an apartment and an apartment is that the buyer of an apartment acquires a living space with modern renovation, stylish furniture and built-in appliances.

Legal status of the apartments

In Russian legislation, the concept of “apartment” is not fixed, at the same time, the term “residential premises” is given a fairly broad definition. It is recognized as a separate premises as part of real estate, suitable for permanent residence and complying with established standards of sanitary, technical and other operational rules. The legislation provides for the following types of premises as residential premises: a house or part thereof, an apartment or a share in it, a room. The term “apartment” does not refer to the “residential real estate” segment. In other words, to the question about apartments: what is it, you can answer that it is residential premises in a non-residential building.

Differences between an apartment and an apartment

So, apartments are not related to the housing stock, so they can be created in buildings of any type, for example, office buildings. To be assigned the “apartment” status, belonging to the housing stock is required. In addition, there are differences between these concepts in other planes:

• according to the requirements of the Gosstandart resolution, the area of ​​the apartment should not be less than 40 m2, and the number of rooms should be 2 or more; the presence of a bathroom and a kitchen is considered mandatory;
• Such requirements are not imposed on an apartment, which may have only one room with a much smaller area.

Let's take a closer look at each difference between an apartment and an apartment.

Price

Real estate market experts note that the price of apartments is usually 10-15% lower than the cost of an apartment of a similar type, but operating costs are always higher. This is due to the fact that the cost of utilities for apartment owners is significantly higher than their cost for residential property owners. In particular, heating services are higher by 20-30%, water supply and sanitation - by 12-25%. The presented figures are ambiguous; prices for housing and communal services depend not only on the regional location, but also on the nature of the connection of utilities with the networks of resource supply organizations. For example, if services are provided through intermediaries, then you will have to pay even more for them.

The absence of the concept of “apartments” in residential real estate does not allow their owners to apply for subsidies for utility bills, provided that their total monthly income for the last 6 months does not exceed established standards. Apartment owners cannot take advantage of the benefits regulated by the Housing Code. What is the difference between an apartment and an apartment, besides cost characteristics?

Registration Features

Purchasing an apartment presupposes the possibility of permanent registration at the residential address. It is impossible to register in apartments at your place of residence due to the fact that legally they are not housing.

The question of the possibility of temporary registration in apartments still remains unclear, although there is no direct prohibition on the exercise of such a right by owners of apartments purchased in buildings with the status of an apart-hotel or hotel.

Lack of objects of social significance

When deciding which purchase is more profitable - an apartment or an apartment, you should remember that the developer of such buildings has no obligation to construct social infrastructure facilities. Actually, this factor explains the relative cheapness of apartments - developer hotel complexes, as a rule, does not build schools, kindergartens and clinics.

Despite the fact that realtors usually do not raise this problem or smooth it over with assurances that apart-hotel developments are carried out in areas with established infrastructure, one should not forget about it. In megacities, the volume of construction and sale of such complexes is very significant, and social facilities not in every district can provide an increase in unregistered users.

The management of Moscow's urban planning department plans to approve construction standards obliging developers to build infrastructure facilities in parallel with the construction of hotel complexes. Most likely, the introduction of such obligations will raise the cost of apartments to the price of apartments.

Permission to redevelop apartments is not required

How are apartments different from apartments? The fact that the need or possibility of redevelopment of these premises is regulated by the general provisions of the Town Planning Code, according to which permission is not required if the proposed changes do not bring about structural changes and do not change the level of reliability and safety of a non-residential building. And if the lack of permits greatly simplifies the reconstruction of apartment premises, then there are many problems in the organizational features of the functioning of such buildings.

Difficulties in managing non-residential buildings and differences in property taxes

According to the Housing Code, the technical premises of an apartment building (attics, basements, etc.) are located in shared ownership owners of residential premises. This rule is not provided for apartments. Therefore, the buyer purchasing them must remember that the ownership of the rest of the building and utility networks is with the developer, and he can impose on the owners the services of a management company that is beneficial to him.

In addition, the legislation adopted since 2015 has significantly increased the property tax, the calculation of which will now be carried out on the basis of And if the housing tax rate is 0.1% and quite impressive benefits are applied, then non-residential real estate, which includes apartments, is taxed at a significantly higher rate.

Nature of acquisition

The difference between apartments and apartments also manifests itself for purchasing purposes. The purchase of apartments, as a rule, is of an investment nature, i.e. in most cases they are bought for profit, while the purchase of an apartment has a pronounced social background - accommodation.

If the owner of an apartment registers as an individual entrepreneur and declares income from renting out property, then he does not have the right to tax exemption when selling these premises, even if they have been owned for more than 3 years.

Understanding the differences, it is easier for a potential buyer to decide which room suits him best - an apartment or an apartment. What is best for him and the goals he pursues, only he knows. The status of the purchased property depends on the nature of the acquisition, opportunities, necessity or other conditions. Now, when considering a future purchase, you can clearly imagine how an apartment differs from an apartment.

This section includes apartments in Moscow and the Moscow region. Apartments are a special type of real estate. The main advantages of the apartments are their location in developed areas and the price is significantly lower than that of apartments with similar characteristics. But at the same time, only temporary “registration” is possible in the apartments; utilities are more expensive and the tax amount is higher compared to ordinary housing. However, this difference is offset by a more affordable price. If you want to buy an apartment in Moscow or the Moscow region, then in our database you can choose the appropriate option, find out the contacts of the developer and the seller, and also get acquainted with our expert assessment.

This article is a reference and information material; all information in it is presented for informational purposes and is for informational purposes only.

Apartment complex "Barberry" from the MIC Group of Companies is located on Bibirevskaya Street (Bibirevo district). Two monolithic 20-story buildings are connected by an internal passage. The architectural solution is based on the contrast between high towers and low buildings in the area. The facades are ventilated, lined with brick and porcelain tiles. One tower is white, the second is chocolate.

The complex features studios of 24.1 sq. m. and 1-2-3-room apartments 34.8-79.3 sq. m. m. 4 types of apartments and 13 layouts have been designed. average cost 112 400 rub. per sq.m. Large-scale landscaping of the local area, a recreation area, and a children's playground are provided.

The infrastructure of the apart-complex includes 3 shops, a pharmacy, and a cafe. An underground parking lot for 60 cars and an outdoor parking lot for 18 cars are equipped for cars. In the surrounding area there is a kindergarten and three schools. From the metro stations Bibirevo, Otradnoye, Altufyevo you can walk to “Barberry”, the main highways are Altufevskoye Highway, MKAD. .

Project of investment and construction group "ALVEK" - club house "October" is being built in the Khoroshevo-Mnevniki area on Narodnogo Opolcheniya Street. This is a 23-story monolithic building as part of a multifunctional complex. On the lower floors, up to the 4th, there will be shops and offices, from the 5th to the 23rd - apartments. Buyers can purchase studios and 1-2-3-4-room premises from 27 to 137 sq. m. m. Ceilings – 3.3 m. Cost - RUB 147,000 per sq. m.

It is possible to combine neighboring apartments. Panoramic windows provide views from the windows. Various finishing options are available. A management company and concierge service will operate in the complex. For cars - two-level underground parking. It has its own heating unit, and the façade of the building is ventilated. Stained glass glazing is used.

Not far from the house is Serebryany Bor With sandy beaches(summer), skating rink and ski slopes (winter). You can walk from the Oktyabrskoye Pole metro station and from the Sorge MCC station. The route is along the Zvenigorod highway. .

Today Moscow landlords offer 16 apartments in 6 buildings. There are 16 properties available in the center of the capital. The cost of renting luxury housing is from 240,000 rubles. On average, this is 10-15% cheaper than renting an apartment of similar size and status.

The main differences between apartments and apartments

• High level of service comparable to a five-star hotel;
• shopping center services - hypermarkets, cinemas, fitness clubs, beauty salons are located directly under the housing;
• open plan - large areas and high ceilings are optimal for the implementation of creative ideas;
• saving money - renting luxury apartments is cheaper than renting a view apartment in a club house.

Quick search and selection

We have created a special filter that sorts offers by size rent, housing area, floor, area, availability and type of parking. For a more convenient and quick search, select the metro stations you are interested in or open all offers on the map of Moscow.

After choosing an option, request a viewing:
1. Leave your phone number and wait for the manager to call in 5 minutes.
2. Ask clarifying questions if you do not find answers in the object card.
3. Set a convenient date and time for the showing.

Want to save time? Order a free selection of proposals by phone or email. Leave a request on the website and indicate your wishes for the property (area, location, decoration, furniture, appliances). The consultant will send a list of suitable options to your e-mail. As soon as you decide, our specialist will draw up an agreement and accompany the transaction.

Who are luxury apartments suitable for?

This great option for long business trips. Thanks to the location of living spaces in the same business complex as the company's office, guests or business partners will save time on daily trips to the company's headquarters. The head of a company can do the opposite: rent a view of housing with panoramic windows on the upper floors of the building, and then rent a comfortable office with a conference room and a lobby area below.

The share of apartments in the primary market of Moscow is still growing: if in 2012 it accounted for only 14% of the total supply, then in the third quarter of 2016 it reached 24.5%. At the same time, the minimum budget for purchasing apartments within the old Moscow during the same period decreased from 4.6 million rubles to an unprecedented 2.3 million rubles for the capital, which spurred the interest of clients in the mass segment and radically changed the buyer’s image. However, there is still a lot of speculation surrounding the apartments, exaggerating their disadvantages. Experts from the Metrium Group company conducted a detailed analysis of all the differences between apartments and apartments and refuted most of the stereotypes regarding this type of housing from the buyer’s point of view.

During a recession, most home buyers prioritize their purchasing budget. The reduction in supply prices in all market segments has increased the attractiveness primarily of apartments, which have always been cheaper than apartments. The price benefit of purchasing apartments is due to a number of their differences from apartments.

“The differences between apartments and apartments can be divided into three groups,” says Maria Litinetskaya, managing partner of Metrium Group. - The first of them is the legal differences that are associated with the non-residential legal status of the apartments. The second is economic, namely the difference in the market and cadastral value of such objects, as well as the features of paying for utilities and taxes. Finally, the third group - technical - combines the differences in requirements for the design and construction of apartments. A superficial comparison may seem to suggest that most of the differences are not in favor of the apartments, but a detailed analysis shows the opposite.”

1. Legal differences

1.1 Legal status

From the point of view of the Housing Code, an apartment is a residential, isolated premises, which is real estate and is suitable for permanent residence citizens (meets established sanitary and technical rules and regulations, other legal requirements). In addition to apartments, the legislation also includes a residential building (part of a residential building) and a room as residential premises.

Apartments are classified as non-residential premises, that is, they are premises for temporary accommodation of citizens, not intended for permanent residence. The concept of “apartment” is mentioned only in the classification hotel rooms, which is given by the Ministry of Culture of the Russian Federation. According to this typology, an apartment is a room with an area of ​​at least 40 square meters. m., consisting of two or more rooms (living room, dining room, bedroom) with a kitchenette. However, in practice, developers are not guided by this definition, even if the apartment complex under construction has a hotel purpose.

1.2 Registration

Permanent registration can only be obtained in residential premises - apartment, room, house. Permanent registration in Moscow gives the following rights:

1. Increase in pension. In Moscow, pensioners are entitled to a regional social benefit, but it is given only to those who have lived in Moscow for at least 10 years.

2. Travel benefits for pensioners and minors in public transport, as well as using a landline telephone.

3. Placement of the child in kindergarten, school and other educational institutions at the place of registration.

4. Subsidizing utility bills.

Since the apartments are classified as non-residential premises, permanent registration at the place of residence cannot be obtained in them. However, if the apartment complex has hotel status, then the owner of the apartment can obtain temporary registration for 5 years. Temporary registration gives practically the same rights as the owner of an apartment with permanent registration. However, when enrolling a child in a school not assigned to a place of residence, his application is considered after applications from residents of houses assigned to the school and having permanent registration. Otherwise, there are no fundamental differences between temporary and permanent registrations.

If registration is impossible, the apartment owner loses little. These are increases and benefits that still apply only to vulnerable segments of the population, as well as the right to vote in elections.

1.3 Rights of owners to common property

Owners of apartments in a residential building own common property on the basis of shared ownership along with other residents. That is, all common areas, the roof and the yard are the property of the apartment owners. Accordingly, residents can jointly decide how to manage common spaces. For example, they can prevent unwanted use of basements, roofs, attics and other spaces.

Apartment owners do not have the right of shared ownership of common property in the apartment complex (staircases, stairs, halls, elevators, elevator and other shafts, corridors, technical floors, attics, basements in which there are utilities, other services serving more than one premises in a given building equipment (technical basements), roofs, enclosing load-bearing and non-load-bearing structures of this building, mechanical, electrical, sanitary and other equipment). For example, if the owners of the apartments decide to make a joint fenced vestibule on the landing, they will have to buy or rent this area from the owner, who is usually the seller of the apartment or the management company. However, you need to understand that the management company lives off payments from apartment owners and it is not beneficial for it to spoil relations with them.

1.4 Foreclosure against owners

When a homeowner becomes a debtor and the court orders the confiscation of his property in favor of creditors, the bailiffs cannot evict him from the apartment if it is his only place of residence. The exception is housing purchased with a mortgage.

Since the apartments are non-residential premises, their owner may be evicted in the event of foreclosure. However, it is worth noting that the buyer of an apartment with a mortgage may also lose their home.

2. Economic differences

2.1 Prices

Condos are more expensive than apartments because the developer of a residential apartment building initially incurs higher costs associated with obtaining all the necessary permits.

The difference in the cost of apartments and apartments reaches 30% on average, depending on the project. This is due to the fact that the developer incurs lower construction costs and can afford to offer the property at reduced prices without sacrificing profits.

2.2 Taxes

Property tax

Property tax for apartment owners is calculated based on the cadastral value. The area of ​​the apartment is multiplied by the cadastral value per square meter, and then by the tax rate. The property tax rate for residential premises is set in each region by decision of local authorities. In Moscow it is 0.1%.

Apartment owners must also pay property tax, which, as in the case of apartments, is calculated based on the cadastral value of the property. However, there are two fundamental differences in the taxation of apartments. Firstly, the cadastral value of such projects is approximately 1.5 times lower, and secondly, the property tax rate for them is higher. The rate ranges from 0.5% to 2%. In October 2016, the Moscow City Duma adopted changes to the Law on the property tax of individuals in Moscow. Now the minimum rate for all types of this type of real estate is set at 0.5%, but only for apartments up to 300 square meters. m. and with a cadastral value not exceeding 300 million rubles. For properties that exceed the established size and price limits, the property tax rate remains at 2%.

Tax deductions and benefits

When calculating property tax on an apartment, a tax-free deduction is provided for the value of one residential property: 10 sq. m - for rooms, 20 sq. m - for an apartment and 50 sq. m - for home. That is, the tax base will be equal to the area of ​​the apartment minus 20 square meters. m. In addition, the law provides benefits for 15 categories of citizens who are exempt from taxation.

Also, when buying and selling an apartment, the owner has the right to receive a tax deduction for previously paid personal income tax (NDFL). In the case of purchasing a home, the maximum return amount reaches 2-3 million rubles, and when selling - 1 million rubles.

Tax deductions and benefits do not apply to apartments as to non-residential premises. That is, the apartment owner not only cannot reduce the tax base (by 20 sq. m.), but also return part of the personal income tax paid when purchasing apartments.

Land tax

Until 2015, apartment owners were required to pay a tax on land owned jointly by residents of an apartment building. However, this payment was included in the property tax. Since 2015, these fees have been divided into two separate taxes: apartment and land.

Apartment owners, like owners of other premises in any building, also have the right to a share of the land on which the building is located. In this regard, they are required to pay land tax. Land tax is paid based on the cadastral value of the plot corresponding to the area of ​​the apartment. In Moscow, this rate is 1.5%.

2.3 Utilities

The amount of payment for utility services is calculated according to the tariffs for consumers established by the supplier of water, electricity and heat. The level of these tariffs is determined by the authorities in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation on price regulation.

As a rule, utility bills for apartments have a higher coefficient compared to apartment rates. Tariffs for water supply are higher by 12%, for sewerage - 8%, for heat - 25%, for electricity - 36% (based on the average tariff of 2.5 rubles/kWh). The exact cost of utilities depends on the tariffs established for non-residential premises in accordance with agreements concluded by the management company and the utility supplier.

3. Technical differences

3.1 Building codes

The construction of residential buildings is carried out in strict accordance with construction and sanitary standards and regulations (lighting, sound insulation, insolation, etc.).

The technical requirements for the construction of apartments are lower than the requirements for the construction of residential buildings. In particular, apartments are not subject to insolation requirements, and the standards for ventilation, sound insulation, and fire protection are lower than those required for residential premises.

3.2 Social infrastructure

The developer is obliged to build social infrastructure facilities (kindergartens, schools, clinics, etc.) in the residential development zone in proportion to the number of new residents of the area. The construction of an apartment complex does not oblige the developer to build social infrastructure facilities for its residents.

3.3 Access roads

The responsibility of the developer of residential areas includes the improvement of adjacent territories, as well as the construction of access roads to residential complex. The apartment developer is not required to build access roads.

Summary

“Thus, the most important economic differences between apartments that really directly affect the buyer’s “wallet” are the differences in tax and utility payments,” sums up Maria Litinetskaya. - However, basic calculations prove that the difference in the cost of apartments and apartments covers the increased costs of utilities and taxes for decades to come. You also need to take into account transportation costs, because today the most budgetary housing offers within the Moscow Ring Road relate only to apartments. Apartments at a similar price will be located outside the Moscow Ring Road, in the near Moscow region.

Legal differences are also not that important to the average client. Buyers of apartments and apartments are equally protected by 214-FZ from double sales and missed delivery deadlines. In the event of a rupture of the DDU, they have the same rights to receive compensation and penalties, and in the event of bankruptcy of the developer, they are included in the third line of creditors for the return of invested funds.

As for the technical differences, the formal absence of an obligation on the part of the apartment developer to comply with building codes, build social facilities, and lay access roads is, in practice, unprofitable for the developers themselves. In conditions of fierce competition for buyers, most apartments are not inferior to ordinary apartment buildings either in the quality of construction or in the availability of infrastructure.

As a result, if a person manages to find the optimal combination of three characteristics - price, location, interesting concept - in any apartment complex, then in essence it will not be so important for him that it is formal non-residential premises. The main thing for the buyer is to improve specific living conditions, namely, move to a new house or a more convenient location.”